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Electricity, Mag.
Electricity and Magnetism flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Electric force | exists between two charged particles |
| Coulomb’s Law | The force between two electrical charges is proportional to the product of the charges |
| Electric field | Surrounds every electric charge |
| Electric field lines | point in direction that a positive charge would when in the presence of an electric field |
| electricity | the movement of electrons |
| Electrical conductor | material that allows electrons to flow through it |
| Electrical insulator | material that does not allow electrons to flow through it |
| semiconductor | a material with few electrons to conduct, but can have more be freed by adding energy (thermal or otherwise) |
| superconductor | a material which has its resistivity decrease to zero as the temperature decreases to a certain point referred to as a critical temperature or critical value |
| static electricity | a result of an excess of positive or negative charges on an object’s surface. |
| friction | what allows lose electrons to be rubbed off and transferred to a new object |
| induction | caused when a charged object is brought near to, but does not touch, an insulator. |
| conduction | caused when two objects (one neutral and one charged) are brought into contact with each other |
| Current electricity | current electricity has electrons flow through a circuit like water through a pipe |
| current | the flow rate of electrons through the circuit, measured in ampere |
| resistance | measure of how difficult it is to move electrons through a circuit |
| voltage | force that moves electrons through a circuit, measured in volts |
| ampere | measurement of electron flow through a circuit |
| coulomb | unit of electric charge equal to the quantity of electricity flowing in one second by a current measuring one ampere. |
| Potential difference | difference of electrical potential between two different points |
| volt | unit of measurement for voltage |
| Ohm’s law | states that the resistance is equal to the voltage divided by the current, revealing a linear relationship between voltage and current. |
| ohms | unit of measure for resistance |
| resistivity | measure of how strongly a material resists electric current |
| circuit | path of which electricity is conducted |
| Series circuit | all current is the same through every part (or load) |
| Surge protector | a power strip that diverts electricity to its outlets. If there is too much electricity, called a surge, the excess is diverted to a ground wire. |
| Circuit diagram | a diagram made using specific symbols to represent a circuit |
| switch | used to open and close the circuit. When open, electricity will not flow. When closed, electricity does flow through the circuit. |
| fuse | safety device used to provide overcurrent protection for an electrical current. |
| Parallel circuit | unlike a series circuit, has more than one path for the electricity to flow through |
| Circuit breaker | Protects electrical circuits from overloading. Has many switches that shut down (or “break”) the circuit. |
| Bar magnet | a man-made bar of a magnetic substance, can be used as a simple diagram of magnetism |
| de-magnetize | to remove the magnetic qualities of something |
| Magnetic field | an area that has invisible lines of force around the magnet and its two poles |
| magnetite | a naturally occurring magnetic mineral |
| Magnetic field lines | invisible force lines that point from the north to the south poles of a magnet |
| compass | a navigation device consisting of a small magnet mounted on a pivoting point. |
| lodestone | a primitive version of the modern day compass |
| Electromagnetic force | a force responsible for electric charge and the flow of electrons, and the magnetic properties of earth metals. |
| electromagnet | a device that becomes magnetic as electricity flows through it |
| alternating current | electric current that reverses direction and changes magnitude over time |
| Direct current | current that flows in only one direction |
Created by:
BurgerKing_07
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