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ElectricityMagnetism
Electricity and Magnetism
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| electric force | The repulsive or attractive interaction between any two charged bodies |
| electrical insulator | used in an electrical system to prevent unwanted flow of current to the earth from its supporting points |
| conduction | the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material. |
| coulomb | the SI unit of electric charge, equal to the quantity of electricity conveyed in one second by a current of one ampere. |
| Coulomb's law | A physical law that states the electric force between two point charges is proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. |
| semiconductor | Material that has electrical conductivity intermediate to that of a conductor and an insulator |
| current electricity | a flow of electric charge dynamic electricity electricity - a physical phenomenon associated with stationary or moving electrons and protons |
| potential difference | the difference of electrical potential between two points. |
| electric field | a region around a charged particle or object within which a force would be exerted on other charged particles or objects. |
| superconductor | a substance capable of becoming superconducting at sufficiently low temperatures. |
| current | a quantity representing the rate of flow of electric charge, usually measured in amperes |
| volt | The volt is the derived unit for electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force |
| electric field lines | Electric field lines are an excellent way of visualizing electric fields |
| electricity | a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons or protons), either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current |
| electrical conductor | the material an electron goes through to make electricity |
| static electricity | a stationary electric charge, typically produced by friction, which causes sparks or crackling or the attraction of dust or hair |
| friction | the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another |
| induction | the production of an electric or magnetic state by the proximity (without contact) of an electrified or magnetized body. |
| resistance | the degree to which a substance or device opposes the passage of an electric current, causing energy dissipation. Ohm's law resistance (measured in ohms) is equal to the voltage divided by the current |
| voltage | an electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts |
| ampere | the SI base unit of electrical current |
| Ohm's Law | a law stating that electric current is proportional to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance |
| ohms | an electrical resistance between two points of a conductor when a constant potential difference of one volt, applied to these points, produces in the conductor a current of one ampere, the conductor not being the seat of any electromotive force |
| resistivity | a measure of the resisting power of a specified material to the flow of an electric current |
| circuit | the complete path of an electric current including usually the source of electric energy |
| series circuit | A series circuit is a simple circuit that allows electrons to pass between one or more resistors. Anything that draws power from a cell is referred to as a resistor (battery) |
| surge protector | an electrical device that is used to protect equipment against power surges and voltage spikes while blocking voltage over a safe threshold (approximately 120 V) |
| switch | Used to open and close the circuit. When open electricity will not flow through a series circuit |
| fuse | a safety device consisting of a strip of wire that melts and breaks an electric circuit if the current exceeds a safe level |
| parallel circuit | a closed circuit in which the current divides into two or more paths before recombining to complete the circuit shunt |
| circuit breaker | an automatic device for stopping the flow of current in an electric circuit as a safety measure |
| bar magnet | a magnet in the shape of a bar with poles at its ends |
| de-magnetize | remove magnetic properties from |
| magnetic field | a region around a magnetic material or a moving electric charge within which the force of magnetism acts |
| magnetite | a gray-black magnetic mineral which consists of an oxide of iron and is an important form of iron ore |
| compass | an instrument which is used to find the direction of a magnetic field. A compass consists of a small metal needle which is magnetized itself and which is free to turn in any direction |
| lodestone | a chunk of magnetite that has become naturally magnetized |
| electromagnetic force | a type of physical interaction that occurs between electrically charged particles. It acts between charged particles and is the combination of all magnetic and electrical forces |
| electromagnet | A device consisting of a coil of insulated wire wrapped around an iron core that becomes magnetized when an electric current flows through the wire. Electromagnets are used to convert electrical control signals into mechanical movements |
| alternating current | An electric current that repeatedly changes its direction or strength, usually at a certain frequency or range of frequencies. The term is also used to describe alternating voltages |
| direct current | An electric current that moves in one direction with constant strength. Batteries are a source of direct current |
| magnetic field lines | the lines in a magnetic field the tangent of which at any point will give the field direction at that point and its density gives the magnitude of the field. They denote the direction of the magnetic field |
Created by:
Ben_Gariepy
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