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Drug List

Chap. 17 Immune System Medications Presentation

ClassificationIFUMOABrandGeneric
Antihistamines/(H1-Receptor Blockers) Allergies, Allergy prophylaxis Histamine is a substance that is involved in the inflammatory and immune responses of the body, regulates acid production in the gut, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Antihistamines block histamine from attaching to receptor sites an causing allergy sympt Benadryl diphenhydramine
Antihistamines/(H1-Receptor Blockers) Allergies, Allergy prophylaxis Histamine is a substance that is involved in the inflammatory and immune responses of the body, regulates acid production in the gut, and acts as a neurotransmitter. Antihistamines block histamine from attaching to receptor sites an causing allergy sympt Zyrtec cetirizine
Glucocorticoids Severe inflammation, Suppress immune response, Asthma, Allergies Suppresses the body’s inflammatory response by blocking chemicals and messages that signal for inflammation. Pediapred prednisolone
Glucocorticoids Severe inflammation, Suppress immune response, Asthma, Allergies Suppresses the body’s inflammatory response by blocking chemicals and messages that signal for inflammation. prednisone
Immunosuppressants Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Organ Transplant, Autoimmune Diseases Works in the nucleus with RNA to prevent the production of proteins that are used to form prostaglandins & leukotrienes (chemicals involved in inflammatory response). Corticosteroids
Antibiotics Combat bacterial infections Bacteria identified based on their shape, ability to retain stain (gram-negative or gram-positive) and need for oxygen. (a) Round cocci (b) Rod-like bacilli (c) Spiral-shaped spirochetes
Gram Stain Gram-positive bacteria turn purple Gram-negative bacteria appear red (a) A broad spectrum antibiotics are effective against many types of bacteria (b) Given immediately when patient facing a life-threatening infection
Sulfanomides (a) Sulfonamides - oldest abx on the market (b) If allergy to sulfa drugs then nitrofurantoin usually recommended (C) Causes dark urine - encourage patient to drink plenty of water Medication should be taken with plenty of WATER
Sulfanomides Bacterial Infections Interferes with the metabolic process of bacteria by blocking PABA which is essential in forming folic acid. Folic acid is required by bacteria for DNA synthesis and reproduction. Bactrim trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
Penicillins (a) Bacteriocidal (b) Commonly given prophylactically prior to surgery (c)Drug of choice for streptococcal infections (d) If allergy to Penicillin ~1% chance also allergic to cephalosporins (vice versa) Inhibits transpeptidation of cell wall (bactericidal) Routes: Oral, Intravenous (I.V)
Penicillins Bacterial Infections Kills bacteria by inhibiting enzymes involved in the final step of cell wall formation. Amoxil amoxicillin
Cephalosporins (a) Bacteriocidal (b) Similar mechanism of action as penicillins (c) Broader spectrum than penicillins (d) Lower toxicity than other abx with the same broad spectrum coverage
Cephalosporins Bacterial Infections Disrupt the synthesis of an essential layer of the bacterial cell wall. Ancef cefazolin
Cephalosporins Bacterial Infections Disrupt the synthesis of an essential layer of the bacterial cell wall. Ceftin cefuroxime
Cephalosporins Bacterial Infections Disrupt the synthesis of an essential layer of the bacterial cell wall. Omnicef cefdinir
Cephalosporins Bacterial Infections Disrupt the synthesis of an essential layer of the bacterial cell wall. Maxipime cefepime
Tetracyclines (a) Bacteriostatic (b) Group of broad-spectrum antibiotics (c) Commonly prescribed for infections caused by ticks - Lime disease, Rocky Mt. Spotted fever (d) Causes photosensitivity (e) Avoid sun, dairy products and antacids (f) Not for c
Tetracyclines Bacterial Infections Prevents the synthesis of proteins on ribosomes and preventing bacterial reproduction. Vibramycin doxycycline
Tetracyclines Bacterial Infections Prevents the synthesis of proteins on ribosomes and preventing bacterial reproduction. Ala-Tet tetracycline
Macrolides (a) Used mostly for pulmonary infections (b) Can cause GI upset (c) Azithromycin (Z Pak) - patient takes a loading dose on the first day, then same amount on following days (d) Short course of treatment compared to other abx Binds to 505 & block polypeptide exit tunnel to prevent chain elongation Routes: Oral, Intravenous (I.V)
Macrolides Bacterial Infections Prevents the synthesis of proteins on ribosomes and preventing bacterial reproduction. Biaxin clarithromycin
Macrolides Bacterial Infections Prevents the synthesis of proteins on ribosomes and preventing bacterial reproduction. Zithromax azithromycin
Quinolones Bacterial Infections (a) Good for bone and joint infections (b) Commonly used for UTI and respiratory infections (c) Not for children or pregnant women (d) Can cause GI upset (e) Do not take with antacids
Quinolones Bacterial Infections Inhibit bacterial replication by blocking their DNA replication pathway of bacteria. Cipro ciprofloxacin
Quinolones Bacterial Infections Inhibit bacterial replication by blocking their DNA replication pathway of bacteria. Levaquin levofloxacin
Aminoglycosides Gram-negative, aerobic bacteria, Mycobacteria, Protozoal Infections Prevents the synthesis of proteins required for DNA/RNA production and bacterial reproduction. Cidomycin gentamicin
Antifungals Fungal Infections Inhibits the production of an enzyme essential for the formation of the plasma membrane. Lotrimin clotrimazole
Antifungals Fungal Infections Inhibits the production of an enzyme essential for the formation of the plasma membrane. Diflucan fluconazole
Antivirals Viral Infections Inhibit the development of viruses by targeting protein strands within the virus and dismantling them, preventing the replication of viral strands Tamiflu oseltamivir
Antivirals Viral Infections Inhibit the development of viruses by targeting protein strands within the virus and dismantling them, preventing the replication of viral strands Zovirax acyclovir
Antiretrovirals HIV, AIDS Infections Inhibit the entry of viruses into healthy cells, inhibits the uncoating of viruses once inside the cell, inhibits replication of nucleic acid (RNA/DNA), inhibits maturation Retrovir azidothymidine
Created by: aaishat
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