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psychology reich ex2
reich exam two
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| personality | a consistent set of behavioral characteristics that people display over time and across situations, and that distinguish individuals from each other |
| personality characteristics | -consistent across time -consistent across situations -distinguishes individuals from each other |
| trait view | we think and behave consistently across situations -traits are not always accurate in predicting behavior |
| personality traits | the definition of personality implies that people have relatively consistent characteristics exhibited in different situations |
| situationist view | our thoughts and behaviors change with the situation -it depends on the situation not internal traits |
| person-situation controversy | questions the consistency of personality traits |
| interactionist view | both traits and situations affect thoughts and behavior |
| trait theories | -different numbers of factors -nearly all have extroversion and neuroticism -useful for conceptualizing personality -not very effective in predicting behavior |
| traits (OCEAN) | extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness |
| extraversion | warmth, gregariousness (social), assertiveness, activity, excitement seeking, positive emotions |
| neuroticism | anxiety, hostility, depression, self confidence, impulsiveness, vulnerability |
| agreeableness | trust, straightforwardness, altruism, compliance, modesty, tendermindedness |
| conscientiousness | competence, order, dutifulness, achievement striving, deliberation, self-discipline |
| openness | fantasy, feelings, actions, ideas, values |
| three factor theory of personality | extraversion, neuroticism, psychoticism/nonconformity |
| psychoticism/nonconformity | -loss of touch with reality, -social deviant traits (crimiality/substance addiction), -lack of conventional socialization (respect of rules and feelings of others) -combines agreeableness and conscientousness |
| What is one way to measure personality? | MMPI |
| Projective tests | includes Rorschach and TAT, concerns about validity and reliability |
| biological tendencies that affect personality | -extraverts are less arousable -neuroticism may be related to the sensitivity of emotional parts of the brain -underarousal of nervous system may be related to risk taking or criminal behavior |
| Eysenck | looked to discover origins of personality dimensions, made the pyramid of hierarchy of personality |
| temperament | innate tendencies to behave in certain ways, influences how people act, think and feel, correlation between temperament at infancy and adulthood |
| Components of temperament | sociability, emotionality, impulsivity |
| sociability | preference to be in the company of others or to be alone |
| emotionality | inclination to be aroused in emotional situations when distress, fear and anger are involved |
| impulsivity | ability to respond to stimuli immediately, without reflection or concern for consequences |
| freud | consciousness |
| conscious mind | normal awareness and everyday thoughts |
| preconscious mind | easily brought to consciousness, like your address |
| unconscious mind | hidden thoughts and desires, defenses from childhood abuse |
Created by:
slstrong90
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