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RADT 465 Procedures
ARRT registry review covering procedures content area
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. AP axial (Towne) skull (pg 169) | OML vertical, MSP perpendicular CR 30 degrees cadual to 1.5 inches above glabella (37 degrees to IOML) projects the dorsum sella and posterior clinoid processes within the foramen magnum |
| 2. lateral skull (pg 169) | IOML and MSP parallel CR perpendicular to 2 inches above EAM superimposition of cranial and facial structures, anterior and posterior clinoid processes, and supraorbital margins |
| 3. PA axial (Caldwell) skull (pg 169) | OML perpendicular CR 15 degrees caudal to nasion Petrous ridges in the lower 1/3 of orbits |
| 4. PA skull (pg 169) | OML perpendicular CR perpendicular to nasion Petrous ridges should fill orbits Demonstrates frontal bone, lat cranial walls, frontal sinuses, and crista galli |
| 5. SMV skull (pg 169) | IOML parallel CR perpendicular to IOML, enters MSP at level of sella sphenoid and maxillary sinuses seen dens seen through foramen magnum symmetrical projection of petrous pyramids w mandibular condyles projected anterior to petrosae |
| 6. trauma CTL skull (pg 169) | MSP and CR parallel, inter pupillary line perpendicular CR horizontal, perpendicular to 2 inches lateral above EAM dorsal decub projection, can demonstrate sphenoid sinus effusion as the only sign of basal skull fx |
| 7. trauma AP axial skull (pg 169) | OML perpendicular CR 15 degrees cephalic to nasion Petrous ridges lower 1/3 of orbits |
| 8. trauma AP skull (pg 169) | OML perpendicular CR perpendicular to nasion petrous pyramids should fill orbits |
| 9. How many cranial bones are there and what are they? (pg 163) | 8: frontal, 2 parietal, 2 temporal, occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid |
| 10. lateral facial bones (pg 172) | IOML parallel CR perpendicular to zygoma (halfway between outer canthus and EAM) |
| 11. parietoacanthial (Waters) facial bones (pg 172) | OML 37 degrees to IR, MML perpendicular CR perpendicular to exit acanthion Best single projection for facial bones |
| 13. modified parietoacanthial (modified Waters) facial bones (pg 172) | chin extended to OML is 55 degrees to IR, LML perpendicular CR perpendicular to exit acanthion produces less distortion of orbital rims than regular Waters |
| 14. axiolateral oblique mandible (pg 174) | IPL perpendicular IR centered 1/2 inch anterior and 1 inch inferior to EAM CR 25 degrees cephalic to exit mandibular area of interest/at unaffected side (with 15 degree head tilt=angle 10 degrees less) Projection especially for seeing body and rami |
| 15. PA mandible (pg 174) | OML perpendicular CR perpendicular to exit junction of lips Projection especially for seeing body and rami |
| 16. AP axial (Towne) mandible (pg 174) | OML perpendicular CR 30 degrees caudal through the midramus (37 degrees to IOML) Rami seen free of superimposition |
| 17. PA axial mandible (pg 174) | OML perpendicular CR 25 degrees cephalic to glabella projection for seeing rami and condyles |
| 18. PA (modified Waters) mandible (pg 174) | AML nearly perpendicular CR perpendicular to exit level of the lips |
| 19. SMV mandible (pg 174) | IOML parallel CR perpendicular to IOML, at 1.5 inches below mandibular symphysis |
| 20. axiolateral oblique (modified Law) TMJ (pg 175) | IOML perpendicular, rotate face 15 degrees toward IR CR 15 degrees caudal, enters 1.5 inch superior to upside EAM (exit lowermost TMJ) Seeing axiolateral of TMJ side down |
| 21. axiolateral (modified Schuller) TMJ (pg 175) | IOML perpendicular CR 25 degrees caudal to exit lowermost TMJ (1.5 inch anterior and 2 inch superior to EAM) |
| 22. AP axial (modified Towne) TMJ (pg 175) | OML perpendicular CR 35 degree caudal to pass 1 inch anterior to TMJ projection for condyloid processes and their articulations |
| 23. parietoacanthial (Waters) nasal bones (pg 173) | MML perpendicular CR perpendicular to exit acanthion |
| 24. lateral nasal bones (pg 173) | IPL perpendicular CR perpendicular to 1/2 inch below the nasion |
| 25. PA axial (Caldwell) nasal bones (pg 173) | OML perpendicular CR 15 degrees caudal to exit nasion |
| 26. How many facial bones are there and what are they? (pg 165) | 14: 2 nasal, 2 lacrimal, 2 palatine, 2 inferior nasal conchae, 2 zygomatic, 2 maxillae, vomer, and mandible |
| 27. At what level is the vertebral prominence? (handout) | C7 |
| 28. At what level is the jugular notch? (handout) | T2-3 |
| 29. At what level is the xiphoid tip? (handout) | T10 |
| 30. At what level is the inferior costal margin? (handout) | L2-3 |
| 31. At what level is the iliac crest? (handout) | L4-5 |
| 32. At what level is the ASIS? (handout) | L5-S1 |
| 33. What percentage of the population is hypersthenic? (handout) | 5% |
| 34. What percentage of the population is sthenic? (handout) | 50% |
| 35. What percentage of the population is hyposthenic? (handout) | 35% |
| 36. What percentage of the population is asthenic? (handout) | 10% |
| 37. What part of the cervical vertebral corresponds to the ear of the scottie dog? (handout) | superior articular process |
| 38. What part of the cervical vertebral corresponds to the foot of the scottie dog? (handout) | inferior articular process |
| 39. What part of the cervical vertebral corresponds to the neck of the scottie dog? (handout) | pars interarticularis |
| 40. What part of the cervical vertebral corresponds to the eye of the scottie dog? (handout) | pedicle |
| 41. What part of the cervical vertebral corresponds to the nose of the scottie dog? (handout) | transverse process |
| 42. In what projections of the C, T, and L-spine, will the intervertebral disc spaces be seen? (handout) | AP and Lateral |
| 43. In what projection of the C spine, will the articular facets spaces be seen? (handout) | Lateral (see closest side) |
| 44. In what projection of the C spine, will the intervertebral foramen be seen? (handout) | 45 degree oblique (PO=see side away, AO=closest side) |
| 45. In what projection of the T spine, will the articular facets spaces be seen? (handout) | 70 degree oblique (15 degree from lateral) (PO=see side away, AO=closest side) |
| 46. In what projection of the T spine, will the intervertebral foramen be seen? (handout) | Lateral (see closest side) |
| 47. In what projection of the L spine, will the articular facets spaces be seen? (handout) | 45 degree oblique (PO=see closest side, AO=side away) |
| 48. In what projection of the L spine, will the intervertebral foramen be seen? (handout) | Lateral (see closest side) |
| 49. What anatomy is in the RUQ? (6 structures) (handout) | liver, gallbladder, duodenum, hepatic flexure, rt. kidney, and head of the pancreas |
| 50. What anatomy is in the LUQ? (5) (handout) | stomach, spleen, lt. kidney, tail of the pancreas, and splenic flexure |
| 51. What anatomy is in the RLQ? (5) (handout) | appendix, ileocecal valve, cecum, ascending colon, and 2/3 of the ileum |
| 52. What anatomy is in the LLQ? (3) (handout) | sigmoid colon, descending colon, and 2/3 of the jejunum |
| 53. What are the 3 classifications of bony articulations? (pg 102) | synarthrotic (immovable) amphiarthrotic (partially movable) diarthrotic (freely movable) |
| 54. What are some types of diarthrotic joints? (pg 103) | gliding (plane), ball and socket (spheroid), pivot (trochoid), condyloid (ellipsoid), hinge (ginglymus), saddle (sellar), and bicondylar (biaxial) |
| 55. What joint type is the simplest motion, least movement, smooth/sliding motion? (pg 103) | gliding (plane) |
| 56. What joint type permits flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, rotation, and circumduction with more motion distally and less proximally? (pg 103) | ball and socket (spheroid) |
| 57. What joint type permits rotation around a single axis? (pg 103) | pivot (trochoid) |
| 58. What joint type permits flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction (no axial)? (pg 103) | condyloid (ellipsoid) |
| 59. What joint type permits flexion and extension? (pg 103) | hinge (ginglymus) |
| 60. What joint type flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction (no rotation)? (pg 103) | saddle (sellar) |
| 61. What joint type is the principal motion in one direction, limited rotation motion?( pg 103) | bicondylar (biaxial) |
| 62. Examples of gliding (plane): (pg 103) | inter carpal/tarsal joints, AC joints, and costovertebral joints |
| 63. Examples of ball and socket (spheroid) include: (pg 103) | shoulder and hip |
| 64. Examples of pivot (trochoid) include: (pg 103) | proximal radioulnar joint and atlantoaxial joint |
| 65. Examples of condyloid (ellipsoid) include: (pg 103) | radiocarpal joint and MCP joints |
| 66. Examples of hinge (ginglymus) include: (pg 103) | elbow, IP joints, and ankle |
| 67. Examples of saddle (sellar) include: (pg 103) | 1st carpometacarpal joint (thumb) |
| 68. Examples of bicondylar (biaxial) include: (pg 103) | TMJ joint and knee |
Created by:
nlchesser
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