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Electricty & Magnets

QuestionAnswer
Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space.
Atom The simplest form of matter, made of protons (p+), neutrons (n0), and electrons (e-).
Static electricity A charge imbalance that results in the build up of excess electric charge on an object.
Law of Conservation of Charge Charge cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred; net electric charge is always constant.
Electric Field Area surrounding charged particles/objects within which a force can be exerted on other charged particles/objects.
Electroscope Tool used to detect the presence and magnitude of an electric charge.
Conductors Materials that allow e- to flow easily; readily conduct electric charge.
Insulators Materials that block the flow of e- through them.
Conduction Transfer of electrons through direct contact between objects.
Friction Transfer of electrons through rubbing objects.
Induction Transfer of electrons through electric fields working over a distance.
Static Discharge The sudden flow of electric charge between two charged objects, due to a build up of static electricity.
Grounding Process of removing excess charge on an object by transferring e- to another object to neutralize the electrical imbalance.
Electric Current (I) the net movement of electric charge in a single direction. Measured in Amperes (Amps).
Voltage Difference (V) the push (force) that causes charge to move. Measured in Volts (V).
Circuit A closed path an electric current flows through.
Battery A device that converts chemical energy to electrical energy.
Resistance (R) the tendency of a material to oppose the flow of electrons through it. Measured in Ohms (Ω)
Ohm’s Law The amount of current is directly proportional to the voltage difference.
Ohm's Law Equation V = IR
Series Circuit Current has only one path to travel through.
Parallel Circuit Contains more than one path for current to travel through.
Magnetism Property of some materials that allows them to give off an attractive or repulsive force.
Magnet A material that gives off an external magnetic field, making it possible to apply a force over a distance.
Magnetic Field External force given off by a magnet; strongest at the poles.
Ferromagnetism Phenomenon where objects placed in a strong magnetic field become magnetized due to the poles within their atoms aligning (all e- in same direction).
Electromagnet Temporary magnet made by placing a piece of iron inside a current carrying coil of wire.
Electric Motor Device that uses an electromagnet to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Generator Device that uses an electromagnet to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
Created by: lwebber5
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