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Bio Midterm

TermDefinition
What is genetic engineering? Genes of a desired trait from one organism is inserted into another organism
What is Therapeutic cloning cloning cells of an individual to treat disease
What is Reproductive cloning?- clone a new complete individual
What is your Your opinion on reproductive cloning? Reproductive cloning is considered unethical and there are laws preventing it.
What is a transgenic organism? An organism that contains DNA from another organism (like the lab we did for transformation when we inserted the gene to make bacteria bioluminescent)
What type of DNA do transgenic organisms have? Recombinant DNA
Name 2 advantages to using GMOs. Make organisms resistant to disease Make organisms larger More produce per plant Lie in harsher climates Resistant to herbicides Contain vitamins
Name 1 disadvantage to using GMOs. People fear new genes could be transferred to other organisms Possibly cause disease in other organisms? Consumers do not trust them
Reproductive cloning is considered unethical or ethical? unethical
What does Analyzing DNA by gel electrophoresis allows researchers to do ? identify similarities and differences in the genomes of different kinds of organisms.
What is gene therapy? The process of replacing defective genes in a person’s genetic makeup with healthy, corrected ones
why oppose gene therapy? 1.Risk in mutation- causing a different disease, 2.playing God, 3. expensive
What are stem cells and how can they be used? Stem cells have the potential to regenerate and repair damaged tissue. Some current therapies, such as bone marrow transplantation, already make use of stem cells and their potential for regeneration of damaged tissues.
Why is stem cell research considered controversial Uses embryonic stem cells for research. For those who believe that life begins at conception, the blastocyst is a human life and to destroy it is unacceptable and immoral.
What is the purpose of a restriction enzyme? To cut the DNA into fragments
How is sexual reproduction beneficial to evolution? Increases genetic variation- organisms with best traits suited to environment will survive to pass on traits
What is an adaptation? Characteristic or trait that makes an organism best suited to environment for survival
What is a species? A group of organisms that can interbreed and produce viable offspring
What is an advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? increases genetic variation which increases the chances of survival.
What is a disadvantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? Must be able to find a mate
Created by: Tgeabou
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