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Ch 20
Landmarks of the Skull and Cranial Bones
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| midsagittal, or median, plane (MSP) | divides the body into left and right halves; for every AP and PA or lateral projection of the cranium, the midsagittal plane is perpendicular to or parallel to the plane of the IR. |
| interpupillary (IPL), or interorbintal, line | a line that connects the pupils or the outer canthi of the patient's eyes; when head is placed in a true lateral position, the inter-pupillary line must be exactly perpendicular to the plane of the IR. |
| superciliary ridge (arch) | that ridge or arch of bone that extends across the forehead directly above each eye |
| supraorbital groove, or SOG | a slight groove or depression that is slightly above the superciliary ridge above each eye |
| glabella | the smooth, slightly raised triangular area between and slightly superior to the eyebrows and above the ridge of the nose |
| nasion | located at the junction of the two nasal bones and the frontal bone |
| acanthion | the midline point at the junction of the upper lip and the nasal septum; where the nose and upper lip meet |
| angle, or gonion | refers to the lower posterior angle on each side of the jaw or mandible |
| mental point | triangular area of the chin as it appears from the front |
| auricle, or pinna | external portion of the ear; the large flap of ear made of cartilage |
| tragus | the small cartilaginous flap that covers the opening of the ear |
| TEA | refers to the superior attachment of the auricle, or part where the side frames of eyeglasses rest; corresponds to the highest level of the petrous ridge |
| canthi | the junctions of the upper and lower eyelids |
| inner canthus | where the eyelids meet near the nose |
| outer canthus | the more lateral junction of the eyelids |
| supraorbital margin, or SOM | the superior rim of the bony orbit of the eye |
| infraorbital margin, or IOM | the inferior rim of the bony orbit of the eye |
| midlateral orbital margin | that portion of the lateral rim of the bony orbit of the eye that is near the outer canthus of the eye |
| EAM, or external acoustic meatus | the opening of the external ear canal |
| auricular point | the center point of the EAM opening |
| glabellomeatal lie (GML) | the most superior positioning line between the glabella and the EAM; slightly above the eyebrow arch |
| orbitomeatal line (OML) | located between the outer canthus (midlateral orbital margin) and the EAM |
| infraorbitomeatal line (IOML) | formed by connecting the infraorbital margin to the EAM; also known as Reid's base line, or anthropologic base line |
| acanthiomeatal line (AML) | formed by connecting the acanthion to the EAM |
| mentomeatal line (MML) | formed by connecting the mental point to the EAM |
| lipsmeatal line (LML) | a line from the junction of the lips to the EAM |
| glabelloalveolar line (GAL) | connects the glabella to a point at the anterior aspect of the alveolar process of the maxilla |
| inion | the most prominent point of the external occipital protuberance; a posterior extension of the IOML approximates the location of the anion |
Created by:
sunshineb
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