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PTAS 203
Study Guide Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cerebral Palsy | Non-progressive and non-inherited lesion of the cerebral cortex that can occur before, during or after birth (up to 2 years of age) |
| Spina Bifida | Non-progressive, developmental defect characterized by incomplete closure of the bones surrounding the spinal cord |
| Spina Bifida Occulta | Type of spina bifida without visible protrusion |
| Meningocele | Type of spinal bifida where a sac like cysts protrudes outside of the spine |
| Myelomeningocele | Most serious type of spina bifida where there are permanent neurological deficits |
| Down Syndrome | Trisomy 21 with resulting cognitive impairments and developmental delay |
| Muscular Dystrophy | Congenital progressive disorder characterized by wasting of skeletal muscle without neurological deficits |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta | Rare congenital disorder often referred to as "Brittle Bones" disease |
| Legg-Clave Perthes | Avascular necrosis of the femoral head usually affecting boy between ages 3 to 12 |
| Erb's Palsy | UE paralysis due to traction injury at birth |
| Osgood-Schlatter | Avulsion of the patellar tendon at the tibial tuberosity |
| Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita | Non-progressive syndrome with there are multiple contractures at birth in an intact skeleton |
| Congenital Hip Dysplasia | Hip dislocation in children |
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy | Progressive, genetic neuromuscular disease characterized by weakness and wasting of the skeletal weakness |
| Prader-Willi Syndrome | Congenital syndrome with disorder of chromosone 15 |
| AIDS | Viral infection of white blood cells |
| Multiple Sclerosis | Chronic, progressive disease of the CNS characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis | Chronic, systemic disease affecting joints that is progressive |
| Myasthenia Gravis | Autoimmune disease at the neuromuscular junction |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | Chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune disease characterized by butterfly rash |
| Scleroderma | Chronic, progressive systemic disease of the skin where the skin hardens and shrinks |
| Diabetes Mellitus | Chronic, systemic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and disruption of the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins |
| Hypertonia | High muscle tone |
| Dyskinesia | Abnormal or altered movement |
| Athetosis | Repetitive, involuntary writhing movement |
| Chorea | Rapid, jerky involuntary movements |
| Ataxia | Uncoordinated movement associated with damage to the cerebellum |
| Hypotonia | Low muscle tone |
| Hydrocephalus | Increased pressure on the brain |
| Myopia | near sightedness |
| Esotropia | Cross eyed |
| Pes Planus | Flat feet |
| Parasthesisia | Abnormal sensation of pins and needles |
| Dysethesia | Abnormal sensation of burning or aching |
| Lhermitte's sign | Electric shock down the spine elicited by neck flexion |
| Scotoma | Dark spot in the visual field |
| Nystagmus | Repetitive involuntary movement of the eye |
| Internuclearopthalmoplegia | Incomplete adduction of the affected side eye with nystagmus of opposite eye with gaze to one side |
| Intention tremor | Tremor that occurs while trying to move |
| Dysarthria | Difficulty with articulation |
| Dysphagia | Difficulty with swallowing |
| Synovitis | Inflammation of synovia |
| Pannus | Layer of inflammatory articulation tissue |
| Ankylosis | Natural joint fusion |
| Arthrodesis | Surgical joint fusion |
| Swan neck deformity | PIP hyperextension, DIP flexion |
| Boutonniere deformity | DIP extension, PIP flexion |
| Hallux valgus | Bunions |
| Arthroplasty | Surgical replacement of a joint |
| Ptosis | Eyelid drooping |
| Diplopia | Double vision |
| Plasmapheresis | Method of filtrating plasma (mysathenia gravis) |
| Ketoacidosis | Breakdown of fat/protein in storage for energy becasue no glucose |
| Hyperglycemia | Increased glucose in blood - can lead to dehydration |
| Catarects | Clouding of the lens of the eye |
| Glaucoma | Increased pressure in the eye that may lead to loss of peripheral vision |
| Macular degeneration | Eye disease that often results in the loss of central vision |
| Marfan's syndrome | Genetic disorder of the connective tissue that results in people with tall stature and cardiac problems |
| Klinefelter's syndrome | Disorder in males where there is an extra X chromosone |
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woblevalenski
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