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Chapt.24 Immune Sys.
Chapter 24 Immune System
| Active acquired immunity: | Immunity resulting from the development of antibodies within a person’s body; Last relatively long or for a life-time. |
| Passive acquired immunity: | Immunity acquired from the injection or passage of antibodies from an immune person ; The immunization does not last very long, and must be renewed every so often. |
| Attenuation: | The process of weakening pathogens. |
| Live attenuated vaccine: | Vaccines containing living organisms. |
| Inactivated vaccine: | Vaccines in which the infectious components have been destroyed by chemical or physical treatments. |
| Contraindication: | A factor or condition that increases the chance of a serious adverse reaction. |
| Precaution: | Specific warning to consider when medications are prescribed or administered. |
| Lymphatic structures of the immune system are: | Lymph nodes, tonsils, thymus gland, and spleen. |
| Lymph glands: | Oval or bean shaped; can be anywhere from 1-25mm long. |
| Afferent lymphatic vessel: | Enters the lymph node. |
| Efferent lymphatic vessel: | Exits the lymph node. |
| Hilum: | A depression at the part of an organ where vessels and nerves enter and leave. |
| Trabeculae: | Any of the supporting strands of connective tissue projecting into an organ and constituting part of the framework of that organ. |
| Lymphatic sinuses: | The channels in a lymph node crossed by a reticulum of cells and fibers and bounded by flattened, rod-like cells known as littoral cells. |
| Germinal centers in lymph nodes: | Produces lymphocytes. |
| Thymus gland: | Kick-starts the immune system during the early life of a newborn by creating T lymphocytes (T cells). |
| Spleen: | A soft, highly vascular, roughly ovoid organ situated between the stomach and diaphragm, in the left hypochondriac region of the abdomen. |
| The spleen: | Filters the blood; Phagocytes bacteria, red blood cells, and platelets. Creates plasma and lymphocytes. |
| Antigens: | Foreign substances that cause the production of specific antibodies. Also called immunogens. |
| The five types of immunoglobulins are: | IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD ; Acronym: GAMED |
| Lymphoma: | A type of cancer; Hodgkin's and Non Hodgkin's. |
| Hodgkin's Disease: | Is signified by the Reed-Sternberg cells. Occurs between the ages 15 and 35, and in people (mainly men) over the 55. Not as common as Non Hodgkin's Disease. Treatment: ABVD |
| Non Hodgkin's Disease: | Does not contain Reed-Sternberg. Has a higher fatality rate, peaks in preadolescents and in elderly people. May arise from B cells, T cells, or NK cells. Treatment: CHOP |
| Autoimmune disease: | When the body targets its own antigens. |
| Hypersensitivity Types: | Type 1: immediate, Type 2: antibody-dependent cytotoxic, Type 3: when immune complexes are formed, Type 4: delayed |
| Hypersensitivity: | An inappropriate immunological reaction to an allergen |
| Adverse reactions: | Local: in the site of injection; Systemic: around the body; Allergic: the most severe but not frequent. |
| Anti-toxins: | Antibodies that neutralize toxins. A form of passive immune. |
| Anti-vinens: | Suspension form of venom-neutralizing antibodies. |
| Monovalent anti-vinens: | For a specific type of venom. |
| Divalent ant-vinens: | Effective against several different venoms. |
| Vaccines are stored in: | Freezer and refrigerator. |
| A freezer containing vaccines should be: | -18 to 0 Celsius |
| A refrigerator containing vaccines should be: | 2-8 Celsius |
Created by:
Scarlett Emerson
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