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Drug List
Chapter 13 Nervous System Medication
| Brand | IFU | Generic | Classification | Mechanism of Action (MOA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Levophed | Restore heart rhythm during cardiac arrest (2) Increase blood pressure during shock, (3) Constrict capillaries if patient is bleeding, (4) Dilate bronchioles of asthmatics, (5) Dilate pupils for eye procedures | norepinephrine | Adrenergics | Adrenergic agonists that mimic the neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system. Stimulate bodily functions. |
| Aricept | (1)Counteracts nerve gas and pesticide poisoning, (2) Cardiac arrest, (3) Bradycardia | donepezil | Cholinergics | Cholinergic agonists that mimic the neurotransmitters of the parasympathetic nervous system. Relax bodily functions. |
| Atropen | Prior to anesthesia to dry saliva, pre-op relaxation, regulate heart rate while under anesthesia | atropine | Anticholinergics | Inhibit parasympathetic nervous system & promote “fight or flight” symptoms. Dry secretions |
| Tylenol | Reduce pain without eliminating feeling. Mild to moderate pain, fever, NO anti-inflammatory effects | acetaminophen | Analgesics | Inhibiting the synthesis prostaglandins, which help to transmit pain signals and induce fever |
| Tenormin | : (1) Slow heart rate and relax blood vessels, (2) Treat cardiac arrhythmias, (3) High blood pressure, (4) Migraine headaches, (5) Chest pain | atenolol | Adrenergic blockers | Blocks the action of adrenergic neurotransmitters epinephrine & norepinephrine. 2 Groups based on muscles affected: - Alpha Adrenergic Blockers - Beta Adrenergic Blockers |
| Aspirin | Relieve mild-to-moderate pain, Reduce inflammation and fever | salicylic acid | Salicylates | Decreases the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes by inactivating cyclooxygenase (COX). |
| Advil | Relieve mild-to-moderate pain, Reduce inflammation and fever | ibuprofen | Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs | Inhibit prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in tissues. This prevents pain receptors from triggering the inflammatory process. |
| morphine | Relieves moderate to severe pain. Chronic pain. Cough suppression, N/V. | morphine | Narcotic analgesics “Opioids” | Mimic the action of naturally occurring opioids in the body (i.e., endorphins). They bind to receptor sites and decrease the amount pain signals received by the CNS = decreased pain sensation. |
| Xanax | Anxiety & Restlessness | alprazolam | Benzodiazepines (Anxiolytics) | Produces a calming effect that ranges from mild sedation to coma by enhancing the effects of neurotransmitter GABA (calming chemical) in the brain. |
| Ambien | Insomnia, Anxiety | zolpidem | Non-Narcotic Benzodiazepine/ Sedative-Hypnotics | Attaches to receptors in the brain called GABA-A receptors. This causes the release of neurotransmitter GABA. GABA is a natural nerve-calming chemical. Reduces time it takes to fall asleep, and person wakes less often. |
| Dilantin | Seizures | phenytoin | Antiseizure Medications | Delays the movement of sodium or calcium from crossing neural membranes, which slows the activity of neurons and calms cells = suppresses the CNS |
| Nembutal | Insomnia, Seizures, Anesthesia (short-term procedures) | pentobarbital | Barbiturates | Depresses the sensory cortex in the brain which decreases motor activity, altering cellular function and producing drowsiness, sedation and hypnosis. Controlled Substance with a high potential for abuse. |
| Ritalin | Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) | methylphenidate | CNS Stimulants | Block the receptors involved in the reuptake of neurotransmitters dopamine. This leaves more of the chemical available for continued use by the brain. |
| Eldepryl | Depression | selegiline | Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MOAIs) | Reduces monoamine oxidase, an enzyme that breaks down neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine. This leaves more of these chemicals available for use by the brain. |
| Elavil | Depression | amitriptyline | Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) | Block the receptors involved in the reuptake of neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine. This leaves more of these chemicals available for continued use by the brain. |
| Prozac | Depression | fluoxetine | Selective Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) | Block the receptors involved in the reuptake of neurotransmitters serotonin. This leaves more of the chemical available for continued use by the brain. |
| Lithobid | Bipolar disorder | lithium carbonate | Lithium / Antipsychotic | Works throughout the CNS to decrease norepinephrine release and increase serotonin production. |
| Thorazine | Schizophrenia, Psychosis- Hallucinations, Paranoia, Delusions, Bizarre thoughts and behaviors | chlorpromazine | Antipsychotics | Blocks excessive dopamine in the area of the brain that controls emotions. Reduces symptoms but does not cure or stop progression of condition. |
| Requip | Parkinson’s Disease | ropinirole | Anti-Parkinson Agents | Keeps neurotransmitters dopamine and acetylcholine in the synaptic gap longer by preventing reuptake. Neurons that produce dopamine die; muscle movements become disorganized Lack of dopamine and increase in acetylcholine causes tremors, slow movement, r |
| Loss of Function Order: Pain perception Temperature percerption Touch sensation Proprioception (positioning) Skeletal muscle tone | Anesthesia | Local Anesthesia: (1) Provides a reversible loss of sensation in a specific area of the body (2) Relieves pain without altering consciousness or mental function (3) Affects sensory and motor nerve tissue without causing nerve damage | ||
| Xylocaine | Prevent the transmission of localized pain signals during short-term procedures (stitches, dental work, labor/delivery) | lidocaine | Local Anesthetics | Decrease neuronal membrane permeability to Na+ ions. This causes an imbalance in electrical charges and stops the conduction of electrical impulses through the neuron. |
| Four Main Actions: Unconsciousness Analgesia Skeletal Muscle Relaxation Amnesia | Anesthesia | General Anesthesia: Reversible unconsciousness and absence of response to painful stimuli All PNS function is depressed Skeletal, Respiratory & Cardiovascular function is reduced | ||
| Diprivan | Prevents the transmission of pain signals, induces amnesia and unconsciousness during tramatic and/or complex surgical procedures | propofol | General anesthetics | In combination with benzodiazepines or barbiturates, all PNS function is depressed. Results in a controlled unconscious state, lower BP, O2 levels, pulse, respiratory rate. |
Created by:
aaishat
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