Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch5 States Conscious
States of Consciousn
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| 4 Criteria for Consciousness | 1. Awareness of external events 2. Your feelings about these events 3. Self-Reflection about your feelings 4. Thoughts about steps 1-3 |
| William James | Consciousness is the thoughts that keep running through our minds (stream of consciousness) |
| Freud | Iceberg Theory--only 15% of our mind is consciousness |
| Variations in Sleep Awareness | Patients under anesthesia Parents of Newborns or Teens |
| EEG (electroencephalograph | Maps brain waves to states of consciousness |
| Beta Waves | Brain waves when awake: Most frequent and shortest wave length |
| Alpha Waves | Brain waves when relaxed as in meditation: less frequent than Beta, slightly longer wave length |
| Theta Waves | Brain waves in light sleep: less frequent than Alpha, slightly longer wave length |
| Delta Waves | Brain waves in deep sleep: the least frequent and longest wave length |
| Hypnogogic Sleep: First Stage of Sleep: Non-REM | Light Sleep Theta waves--hypnic jerks |
| Second Stage of Sleep: Non-REM | Light Sleep Theta waves - first sign of small spindle activity |
| Third Stage of Sleep: Non-REM | Combination of Theta and Delta Waves with spindle activity |
| Fourth Stage of Sleep: Non-REM | Deep Sleep: Delta Waves |
| Fifth Stage of Sleep: REM also known as Paradoxical Sleep | 20% sleep and 80% dreaming; vivid color dreaming; paralyzed so unable to act out dream |
| Repeating the Sleep Cycle | Stages 1, 2, 3, 4, REM, 4, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 4, REM, 4, 3, 2, 1, etc. |
| Circadian Rhythm | 24 hour biological clock unique to each person |
| Jet Lag | At its worst when flying west to east (NY to London, Paris, etc.) because you lose time |
| How do you get into sync with new time zones? | Takes one day for every time zone crossed to get into sync with a new area's sleep cycle |
| Age trends in sleep | Infants need most sleep; teens' hormones create later sleep cycles; older people sleep less |
| Cultural differences in sleep cycles | Siesta naps in afternoon |
| Sleep Deprivation | Cranky, irritable, lower cognitive performance, increased chance for car accidents; physical symptoms: queasiness, headaches, high BP and heart rate |
| Why do we need REM sleep? | Memory Consolidation: firms up our day's learning and deletes un-needed info; creative insight to problem solving |
| REM Deprivation: REM Rebouns | If REM deprived, we will sink into REM sleep up until 3 nights of sleep |
| Insomnia | Sleep Disorder: Can't fall asleep or remain asleep |
| Narcolepsy | Sleep Disorder: Uncontrollable falling asleep for 15-30 minutes during the day |
| Sleep Apnea | Sleep Disorder: Loud snoring with periods of no breathing for 10-90 seconds |
| Night Terrors | Sleep Disorder: Usually children--piercing screams, not awake, can't be comforted and will calm down in few minutes still asleep |
| Somnambulism | Sleep Disorder: Sleep walking, talking, eating when under stress in Stage 4 sleep |
| Nightmares | Sleep Disorder: Usually in REM: chase dreams, falling, etc. wake up sweating and heart beating; paralyzed in REM so one can't scream or act out the dream |
| Freud: Day Residue | Dreaming about problems or left over thoughts of the day |
| Freud: Wish Fulfillment | Dreaming about something you want but probably unattainable |
| Freud: Manifest Content | The plot of the dream--what occurred |
| Freud: Latent Content | Interpretation of the dream--what we discover later about what it meant |
| Cartwright (1992): Dream Researcher | We work on problem solving and emotional stress with creative insight--much better solution than when awake |
| Hobson (2002): Dream Researcher | Dreaming is nothing more than bursts of brain activity: Activation Synthesis |
| Walker & Stickgold (2004): Dream Researcher | Confirmed Cartwright's research with addition of memory consolidation: firming up what was learned during the day |
| Difference between hypnosis and meditation | Brain waves do not change during hypnosis: some scientists say it is not a state of consciousness |
| Anesthesia | Hypnosis can be used for Anesthesia for oral surgery and other minor surgeries of patient is allergic to anesthesia |
| Disinhibition | Hypnosis can be used to suggest patients stop an unfavorable habit like smoking, over-eating, fear of performance |
| Entertainment | Hypnosis has been used to have people perceive auditory or visual hallucinations |
| Psychoanalysis | Hypnosis can be used on patients to uncover repressed memories |
| Hypnotic Trance | Suggested state of someone under hypnosis |
| Meditation | Brain waves change to Alpha sometimes Theta |
| Physiological correlates of meditation | Lower BP and heart rate, lowers breathing rate |
| Drug Tolerance | When the body gets used to the drug and the user must increase the dose in order to get the same effect |
| Drug Dependency | Physical Dependency: when user experiences withdrawal effects if the drug amount is withdrawn or decreased Psychological Dependency: hardest dependency to break: when user feels the need for the drug as a coping mechanism. |
| Psychoactive Drugs | Chemical substances that modify mental, emotional, or behavioral functioning |
| Facts about Drug and Alcohol use | Are abused across every socioeconomic status, race, gender. Higher SES users can afford more drugs (often in medical professions) |
| Mean age of first use | 9-11 years old |
| Narcotics/Opiates | Heroin, Painkillers like Codeine, Morphine, Vicodin, Demerol Produce pleasurable rush and then drowsiness and mental confusion. Tolerance builds quickly |
| Sedatives | Tranquilizers, sleeping pills, decrease CNS activity Effects: drowsiness and mental confusion |
| Stimulants | Amphetamines, Cocaine, Adderall Effects: Buoyant, elated, energetic |
| Hallucinogens | Ecstasy, LSD, PCP Effects: Hallucinations--will increase dopamine production and can lead to irreversible Schizophrenia |
| Cannabis | Marijuana Effects: Relaxation and Mental Distortions |
| Alcohol | Most difficult drug to quit because it is legal and a social norm: Hard liquor, Beer, Wine Effects: Confused sensory awareness: Tolerance builds slowly |
Created by:
lmckay
Popular Psychology sets