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Psych 350: Exam 1
Perception
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sensation | Low-level processing of basic information from external world by sensory receptors |
| Perception | The way in which a person interprets sensations/sensory info, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events |
| Low-level perception | Acuity, color, brightness |
| Mid-level perception | Pattern, depth, objects |
| High-level perception | Recognition, categorization, intermodal correspondence |
| 2 main methods of testing perception | Preferential looking and habituation |
| Preferential looking | A research technique that involves giving an infant a choice of what object to look at |
| Acuity in infants | The sharpness of visual discrimination develops rapidly, approaching that of adults by 8 months; reaches full adult acuity by 3-6 years |
| Visual habituation | -used when an infant shows no preference or as a way to test memory -limitations in early months; adult-like by 3 months |
| Binocular cues | Depth cues that depend on the use of two eyes |
| Pictorial/monocular cues | Distance cues, such as linear perspective and overlap, available to either eye alone |
| Motion parallax | we view objects that are closer to us as moving faster than objects that are further away from us Dynamic cue |
| Optical expansion | The visual image increases as an object comes toward us, causing the background to be occluded |
| Pattern perception | ability to analyze/integrate separate elements of a display into a coherent pattern |
| Subjective "illusory" contours | The perception of contours where none actually exist |
| Face perception in infants | Newborns look longer at faces because they have an innate template of a human face |
| Perceptual narrowing | When the brain uses environmental experiences to shape perceptual abilities |
| Advantages/disadvantages of perceptual narrowing | -improves perception of things that people experience often -decline in ability to perceive some things to which they aren't often exposed |