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Psych 350: Exam 1

Brain

TermDefinition
Cell migration Movement of neurons from one location to another in the brain
Cell differentiation -occurs mainly after birth -the process by which cells become specialized in order to perform different functions
Myelination -occurs before birth and into adolescence -myelin accumulation around nerve cells
Synaptogenesis Formation of synapses
Synapse pruning Eliminates surplus connections
Plasticity Brain's ability to change by experience
Experience-expectant plasticity Brain wiring occurs due to normal experiences
Vulnerability of experience-expectant plasticity -if 'expected' experience doesn't occur, pruning occurs and deficits may result -ex. blindness, deafness
Experience-dependent Neural connections are created and reorganized throughout life as a function of individual experience; expert skills (ex: cellists and violinists)
Advantages of plasticity -less information needed to be stored in genes -allows for adaptation to unforeseen environment
Best time for brain damage -early childhood because synaptogenesis and pruning are occurring -plasticity is highest and brain can rewire
Worst time for brain damage Early stage of prenatal development to 1 year because it interrupts neurogenesis and neuron migration
Minamata, Japan Birth defects caused by mercury poisoning
Created by: lnamugenyi
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