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Oxygen Transport I
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Amount of O2 dissolved in each ml of plasma | For every 760 mmHg pressure, .023 ml of O2 dissolves in each ml of plasma |
| Calculation of O2 dissolved in blood | PO2 x .003 |
| How many Hb molecules are in each RBC? | 280 million |
| How many heme groups and amino acid chains are in normal Hb? | 4 heme groups, 4 amino acid chains |
| When can Hb be said to be 100% saturated with O2? | When 4 O2 molecules are bound to 1 Hb molecule |
| When hb is bound with 3 O2 molecules it is ___% saturated. | 75% |
| Hb bound with O2 | oxyhemoglobin |
| Hb not bound with O2 | deoxyhemoglobin |
| Amt. of Hb bound to O2 is directly related to | PP of O2 |
| Normal Hb for male | 14-16g/100 ml of blood (g%) |
| Normal Hb for female | 12-15g% |
| Each g% is capable of carrying about ___ ml of O2 | 1.34 |
| At normal PaO2 of 100, what is the saturation and why? | Sat is 97% because of normal physiologic shunting |
| Oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve | sigmoid curve that results at O2 tensions between 0-150 mmHg, shows the relationship between PO2 and Hb at the lungs and at the tissues |
| Sigmoidal curve indicates | Hb's affinity for O2 provides 97% saturation at the normal arterial tension of 100 mmHg, and a 75% saturation at the normal mixed venous tension of 40 mmHg |
| Right shift | P50 value > 27, indicates decreased affinity |
| Left Shift | P50 value < 27, indicates increased affinity |
| P50 | Normal Hb is 50% saturated with the O2 at a PaO2 of 27 mmHg |
| PO2 60-100 | Still 90% saturated |
| What promotes the pickup and delivery of O2? | PCO2, pH, and temperature |
| Clinical signs of hypoxia | Tachycardia, hyperventilation, restlessness, hypertension (early), hypotension (late), confusion and disorientation, possible cyanosis, lactic acidosis, polycythemia |
| Hypoxemic hypoxia | Decreased alveolar ventilation, decreased inspired oxygen tension, ventilation to perfusion mismatch, diffusion defect |
| Anemic hypoxia | Carbon monoxide poisoning, abnormal Hb--methemoglobinemia, low Hb, sickle cell |
| Circulatory hypoxia | Bradycardia, hypotension, low cardiac output, cardiac arrest |
| Histotoxic hypoxia | Inability to accept and use O2 as seen in cyanide poisoning |
| The only hypoxia where a patient will always also be hypoxemic is: | Hypoxemic hypoxia--PaO2 can be normal in other types |
| Cyanosis | Generally more than 5gm% of reduced Hb results in cyanosis |
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