Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter Nine Terms
Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Classical Conditioning | A learning procedure in which associations are made between a natural stimulus and a neutral stimulus |
| Neutral Stimulus | A stimulus that does not initially elicit any part of the unconditioned stimulus |
| Unconditioned Stimulus | An event that elicits a certain predictable response without previous training |
| Unconditioned Response | An organism’s automatic reaction to a stimulus |
| Conditioned Stimulus | A once neutral event that elicits a given response after a period of training in which it has been paired with and unconditioned stimulus |
| Conditioned Response | A response elicited by the conditioned stimulus |
| Generalization | In classical conditioning the tendency for a stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus that is similar to the original conditioned stimulus to elicit a response that is similar to the conditioned response |
| Discrimination | The ability to respond differently to similar but distinct stimuli |
| Extinction | In classical conditioning the gradual disappearance of a conditioned response because the reinforcement is withheld or because the conditioned stimulus is repeatedly presented without the unconditional stimuli |
| Behaviorism | The belief that the proper subject matter of psychology is objectively observable behavior and nothing else |
| Operant Conditioning | A form of learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished |
| Reinforcement | A stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the likelihood that the response will be repeated |
| Primary Reinforcer | A stimulus, such as food or water, that is naturally rewarding and satisfying and requires no learning on the part of the subject to become pleasurable |
| Secondary Reinforcer | A stimulus such as money that becomes rewarding through its link with a primary reinforcer |
| Fixed | Ratio Schedule |
| Variable | Ratio Schedule |
| Fixed | Interval Schedule |
| Variable | Interval Schedule |
| Shaping | Technique of operant conditioning |
| Response Chain | The learned reactions that follow one another in sequence each reaction producing the signal for the next |
| Aversive Control | The process of influencing behavior by means of unpleasant stimuli |
| Negative Reinforcement | Increasing the strength of a given response by removing or preventing a painful stimulus when the response occurs |
| Escape Conditioning | The training of an organism to remove or terminate an unpleasant stimulus |
| Avoidance Conditioning | A type of conflict situation in which the individual must choose between two negative or undesirable alternatives |
| Cognitive Learning | A form of learning that involves mental processes and may result from observation or imitation |
| Cognitive Map | A mental picture of spatial relationships or relationships between events |
| Latent Learning | Learning that is not demonstrated by an immediate, observable change in behavior |
| Learned Helplessness | A condition in which repeated attempts to control or influence a situation fail, resulting in the belief that the sit is uncontrollable and that any effort to cope will fail |
| Modeling | The process of learning behavior through observations and imitation of others |
| Behavior Modification | a systematic application of learning principles to change people’s actions and feelings |
| Token Economy | Form of conditioning in which desirable behavior is reinforced with valueless objects |
Created by:
Marledge
Popular Psychology sets