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MTTC - Elementary Ed
Geography
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| this is the exact spot where coordinates meet; the grid system allows the location of every place on the planet to be identified | absolute location |
| another name for lines of latitude because they circle the earth in parallel lines that never meet | parallels |
| another name for lines of longitude | meridians |
| this is the parallel (latitude) 23 1/2degrees north of the equator | Tropic of Cancer |
| this is the parallel (latitude) 23 1/2degrees south of the equator | Tropic of Capricorn |
| the parallel 66 1/2degrees north of the equator | Arctic North |
| the parallel 66 1/2degrees south of the equator | Antarctic South |
| a system of satellites that orbit the Earth and communicate with mobile devices to pinpoint the mobile device's position; accomplished by determining the distance between the mobile device and at least 3 satellites | Global Positioning System (GPS) |
| the process of determining position based on distance measurements from 3 satellites | trilateration |
| shows natural features (mountains, rivers, deserts, etc.); color is used to designate the different features | physical map |
| a type of physical map that shows the relief and configuration of a landscape (hills, valleys, fields, roads, etc.); includes natural and human-made features | topographic map |
| a map on which lines are stretched/straightened for the sake of clarity, but retain their essential geometric relationship; this type of map is used to show the routes of a subway system | topological map |
| map that uses state, county, and country boundaries; points/dots for cities and towns; various other symbols used for features (i.e. airports and roads) | political map |
| aka biomes; forests, grasslands, deserts, and tundra are the 4 main types | vegetation zones |
| tropical, dry, temperate, continental, and polar are the 5 main types | climate zones |
| the number of people living in each square mile or kilometer of a place; calculated by dividing population by area | population density |
| the identification of the dominant religions of a place, whether Christianity, Hinduism, Judaism, Buddhism, Islam, Shinto, Taoism, or Confucianism (all of which originated in Asia | Religion |
| the identification of the dominant or official language of a place | Language |
| there are ____ major language families | 12 |
| The _________ family (that includes English, Russian, German, French, and Spanish) is spoken over the widest geographic area | Indo-European |
| _______ __________ is spoken by the most people | Mandarin Chinese |
| formed from millions of tiny, tube-shaped polyps | coral reefs |
| reefs that surround ("fringe") an island | fringing reef |
| over the centuries, a fringe reef grows so large that the island sinks down from the weight, and the reef becomes a barrier around the island | barrier reefs |
| water trapped between the island and the reef | lagoon |
| the sinking island when it goes under, leaving the coral reef around the lagoon | atolls |
| formed by the movement of geologic plates; as the plates collide, they push up the crust to form ___________ | mountains |
| the process of geologic plates colliding, pushing up the crust to form mountains; 3 types - folded mountains, subduction, and volcanic mountains | orogeny |
| formed if the collision of continental plates cause the crust to buckle and fold (ex: Appalachians, the Alps, and the Himalayas) | folded mountains |
| process where the collision of plates causes a denser oceanic plate to go under a continental plate; strong horizontal forces lift and fold the margin of the continent (ex: the Andes) | subduction |
| type of mountain formed when an oceanic plate is driven under another oceanic plate (location ex: Japan and the Philippines) | volcanic mountains |
| the maximum, sustained level of use of an environment that can incur without sustaining significant environmental deterioration that would eventually lead to environmental destruction | carrying capacity |
| how things or people are grouped in a given space anywhere on earth; applies to the placement of settlements that are located to make the distribution of goods and services convenient | spatial organization |
| the study of landforms | geomorphology |
| a science that considers the relationships between geological structures and surface landscape features | physiography |
| a landscape feature or geomorphological unit; includes pits, peaks, hills, plateaus, mountains, etc. | landform |
| bodies of salt water that are smaller than oceans and are somewhat surrounded by land like a lake | seas |
| bodies of water in a depression on the earth's surface | lakes |
| a channeled flow of water that start out as a spring or stream formed by runoff from precipitation; flow from higher to lower ground; usually empty into a sea or ocean | rivers |
| artificial waterways constructed by humans to connect 2 larger water bodies | canals |
| a low series of hills found between a plain and a mountain range | foothills |
| a long depression located between hills or mountains; usually products of river erosion | valleys |
| elevated landforms that are fairly flat on top; can be as high as 10,000 feet above sea level; usually next to mountains | plateaus |
| flat areas of upland; name is derived from the Spanish word "table"; smaller than plateaus and often found in arid/semi-arid areas | mesas |
| extensive areas of low-lying, flat, or gently undulating land; called lowlands when they're near the seacoast | plains |
| accumulations of silt deposited at river mouths into the seabed; eventually converted into very fertile, stable ground by vegetation, becoming important crop-growing areas | deltas |
| can be low areas that catch water from rivers; can be large hollows that dip into a central point and are surrounded by higher ground; or can be areas of inland drainage in a desert when the water can't reach the sea and flows into lakes or evaporates | basins |
| climate that has 4 seasons (including hot summers, cold winters, and sufficient rainfall for raising crops); found in US, Russia, and Canada | humid continental climate |
| steppe regions; found in the interiors of Asia and N. America where there are dry flatlands | prairie climates |
| very humid areas in the tropical areas of Japan, China, Australia, Africa, S. America, and the US; the moisture provides long summers and mild winters | subtropical climates |
| a climate near/surrounded by water; warm ocean winds provide moisture, mild temperatures year-round, and plentiful rain; W. Europe, parts of US, Canada, Chile, New Zealand, and Australia | marine climates |
| the study of climate, water, and land & their relationships with each other and humans; locates and identifies the earth's surface features & explores how humans thrive in various locations according to crop and goods production | physical geography |
| the study of influence of the environment on human behaviors as well as the effect of human activities (farming, building, grazing livestock, etc.) on the environment; identifies & compares the features of different cultures | cultural geogpraphy |
| the placement of the hemispheres and the continents | physical location |
| the divisions within continents that designate various countries; made with borders, which are set according to boundary lines arrived at by legal agreements | political locations |
| There are 3 types of ___ ___________: conical, cylindrical, and azimuthal | map projections |
| this type of map projection superimposes a cone over the sphere of the earth, with 2 reference parallels secant to the globe and intersecting it; no distortion along the standard parallels, but distortion increases further from the chosen parallels | conical map projection |
| any map projection where meridians are mapped using equally spaced vertical lines and circles of latitude are mapped using horizontal lines | cylindrical map projection |
| a stereographic projection onto a plane so centered at any given point that a straight line radiating from the center to any other point represents the shortest distance | azimuthal map projection |
Created by:
jmeeker
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