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matter chapter 3
elements, mixtures, compounds
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an element? | A pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means |
| What is a pure substance? | A substance in which there was only one type of particle |
| Three categories of elements? | metal, non-metal, metalloid |
| What are characteristics of metals? | conduct heat and electricity, malleable, ductile, shiny |
| What are characteristics of non-metal? | Do not conduct heat or electricity, not malleable, not ductile, dull, brittle |
| What are characteristics of metalloids? | Have properties of both metals and non-metals depending on the element |
| What is a compound? | A pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined. The elements that make up a compound lose their identity and properties. |
| What is a mixture? | a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. Elements that make it up keep their identity and do not lose their properties |
| What is a homogeneous mixture? | looks the same throughout |
| What is a heterogeneous mixture? | Does not look the same throughout |
| What are three types of mixtures? | solutions, suspensions, and colloids |
| What is a solution? | a mixture that appears to be a single substance but is composed of two or more substances that are evenly distributed |
| What is a solute? | the part of the solution that gets dissolved |
| What is a solvent? | the part of the solution that does the dissolving |
| What is the concentration of a solution? | Comparison of the amount of solute to the amount of solvent in a solution |
| What is solubility? | the amount of solute needed to make a saturated solution in a given amount of solvent |
| What is a saturated solution? | holds all of the solute a solution can hold without actually falling out of solution. It is the point where if one more particle of solute is added, it would fall to the bottom. |
| What is an unsaturated solution? | holds less of the solute a solution can hold. More solute can be added without it falling out of solution. |
| What is a suspension? | a mixture in which particles are dispersed throughout a liquid or gas but are large enough to settle out |
| What is a colloid? | a mixture in which the particles too big to be considered a solution but are too small to settle out. |
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