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Shoulder girdle 2

positioning

QuestionAnswer
On AP scapula, what position maneuver will pull the scapula laterally? Abduct arm to a right angle with the body (toward head, swearing in position)
On AP scapula, what respiration will obliterate the lung detail? Slow breathing, but requires longer exposure.
What scapula border should be demonstrated free of superimposition with ribs for AP projection? Lateral (axillary) border
What structures are seen on the AP scapula? Acromion, clavicle, coracoid process, glenoid cavity, lateral border of scapula, medial border and inferior angle.
True or False - The AP projection image should demonstrate the coracoid process w/o superimposition with ribs. True
True or False - The pt. should be rotated toward the affected side to best place the scapula paralel to the IR. False, it would be perpendicular.
For lateral scapula, what is significance of arm placement? It determines the portion of the superior scapula that is superimposing the humerus.
How and where is the CR directed for the lateral projection of the scapula? CR is perpendicular to the midmedial border of the scapula.
For Lateral scapula, how should the affected arm be placed to best show acromion and coracoid processes? Flex the elbow behind back on posterior thorax. (prevents humerus from overlapping scapula)
True or False - The lateral projection should demonstrate the medial and lateral borders superimposed. True
True or False - The lateral projection should demonstrate the scapular body free of superimposition of the ribs. True
True or False - The acromion process and the inferior angle should demonstrated in the lateral projection. True
PA oblique projection,Upright, RAO or LAO (less OID), rotate 45-60 degees to the IR Scapula Y
What is the Lorenz and Lilienfeld method? Starts in lateral recumbent, affected side down, CR enters medial (vertebral) border.
AP Oblique projection and CR placement? Rotate away from affected side 35 degrees, LPO to see right side, RPO to see left side, CR: perpendicular to the lateral (axillary) border.
What position of the scapula demonstrates the coracoid process w/o superimposition with ribs? AP projection
What bones make up the Y view? Acromion process, coracoid process and body of scapula.
Most used view for the AC articulation? Pearson Method - AP projection, w/ and w/o weights.
The four important things about the AP projection for AC joint? 1. Upright 2. Bilateral 3. 72" SID, 4. 2 views w and w/o weights for non fracture.
On acromioclavicular projection which view is best for improved recorded detal? PA axial Oblique, reduces OID.
On the Pearson Method which is best supine or upright? Upright, recumbent tends to reduce dislocation of AC joint.
True or False-To demonstrate AC joints, both AC joints should be imaged simultaneously. True
True or False - The CR should be directed to the affected AC joint for each image? True
On a patient with wide shoulders, what procedure is used to view the AC joints? 2 separate views of each AC joint.
What is the Alexander Method? For AC joint, AP axial, one at a time. CR to the coracoid process 15 degrees cephalad.
What is the purpose of the hanging sandbags to each wrist? Shows separation of the AC joint.
What is shown in the AP clavicle? Acromion, AC joint, Clavicle, Superior angle, steroclavicular joint & coracoid process.
What level of the patient should the cassette be centered for AP or PA projection of clavicle? Center clavicle to midline of the grid.
For AP or PA projection of clavicle, what breathing instructions are best? Suspend
Which produce the best recorded detail on clavicle, AP or PA? PA, closer to the IR, reducing OID.
How much of the clavicle should be demonstrated on AP or PA? Entire clavicle should be centered on image.
True or False - The AP or PA projection should show the entire clavicle free of superimposition with other bony structures? False, the medial half of the clvicle is superimposed with the thorax.
How many degrees and direction of CR on the following clavicle: AP axial, pt. supine? PA axial pt. prone? AP axial pt. supine: 15-20 degrees cephalad. PA axial pt prone: 15-30 degrees caudad.
Which projection causes clavicle to appear horizontal? AP axial
What positioning considerations determine how much angle for Clavicle AP or PA axial? Body habitus: hypersthenic - angle less 15-20 degrees, hyposthenic - angle more up to 30 degrees.
What breathing technique is best for AP axial projection of clavicle? Suspend after full inspiration.
On AP axial of clavicle can it be free from all structures? NO
Only reason for a PA projection of clavicle? Reduces OID, improving recorded detail which is definition, sharpness and resolution.
Created by: pgarnsey
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