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Mr V U3 Atoms
Atoms and the Periodic Table
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| ATOM | THE BASIC PARTICLE FROM WHICH ALL ELEMENTS ARE MADE; THE SMALLEST PART OF AN ELEMENT THAT HAS THE PROPERTIES OF THAT ELEMENT |
| ELECTRON | A TINY, NEGATIVELY CHARGED PARTICLE THAT MOVES AROUND THE OUTSIDE OF THE NUCLEUS IN THE ELECTRON CLOUD |
| NUCLEUS | THE CENTRAL CORE OF AN ATOM THAT CONTAINS PROTONS AND NEUTRONS |
| PROTON | A SMALL, POSITIVELY CHARGED PARTICLE THAT IS FOUND INSIDE THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM |
| NEUTRON | A SMALL PARTICLE IN THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM WITH NO ELECTRICAL CHARGE (NEUTRAL) |
| ATOMIC NUMBER | THE NUMBER OF PROTONS IN THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM |
| ISOTOPE | AN ATOM WITH THE SAME NUMBER OF PROTONS AND A DIFFERENT NUMBER OF NEUTRONS FROM OTHER ATOMS OF THE SAME ELEMENT |
| MASS NUMBER | THE SUM OF PROTONS AND NEUTRONS IN THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM |
| ATOMIC MASS | THE AVERAGE MASS OF ALL THE ISOTOPES OF AN ELEMENT |
| PERIODIC TABLE | AN ARRANGEMENT OF THE ELEMENTS SHOWING THE REPEATING PATTERN OF THEIR PROPERTIES |
| CHEMICAL SYMBOL | A ONE- OR TWO- LETTER ABBREVIATION FOR AN ELEMENT |
| PERIOD | A HORIZONTAL ROW OF ELEMENTS IN THE PERIODIC TABLE |
| GROUP | ELEMENTS IN THE SAME VERTICAL COLUMN OF THE PERIODIC TABLE; ALSO CALLED FAMILY |
| COMPOUND | A SUBSTANCE MADE OF TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS CHEMICALLY COMBINED IN A SPECIFIC RATIO OR PROPORTION |
| VALENCE ELECTRON | The electrons that are in the highest energy level of an atom and that are involved in chemical bonding |
| REACTIVITY | The ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts, with other elements and compounds |
| MALLEABLE | A term used to describe material that can be hammered or rolled into flat sheets. |
| DUCTILE | A term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire. |
| LUSTER | The way a mineral reflects light from its surface |
| SEMICONDUCTOR | A substance that can conduct electric current under some conditions. |
| ION | An atom or group of atoms that has become electrically charged. |
| POLYATOMIC ION | An ion that is made of more than one atom. |
| IONIC BOND | The attraction between ions with opposite charges. |
| COVALENT BOND | A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons. |
| MOLECULE | A neutral group of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds. |
| NONPOLAR BOND | A covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally. |
| POLAR BOND | A covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally. |
| ACID | A substance that tastes sour, reacts with metals and carbonates, and turns blue litmus red. |
| CORROSIVE | Term used to describe acids that react with some metals by wearing away the metal. |
| INDICATOR | A compound that changes color in the presence of an acid or a base. |
| BASE | A substance that tastes bitter, feels slippery, and turns red litmus paper blue. |
| NEUTRALIZATION | A reaction of an acid with a base, yielding a solution that is not as acidic or basic as the starting solutions were. |
| SALT | An ionic compound made from the neutralization of an acid with a base. |
Created by:
dougteach65
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