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Chapter 9

TermDefinition
Hormones are chemical substances secreted into body fluids by a gland. These substances have specific effects on the activities of target cells, tissues, or organs.
Primary ossification centers areas in the midportion of the shafts of long bones where bones cells are formed so that the cartilage-model bones of the fetal skeleton begin ossifying, from the center outward, to form bone shafts.
Twitch is a brief period of contraction of a muscle fiber (cell) followed by relaxation.
Slow twitch muscles that have slower contraction relaxation cycle and greater endurance.
Fast twitch muscles that have fast contraction relaxation cycle and lower endurance.
Neurons are the cells of the nervous system that receive and transmit information.
Synapse is a connection between two neurons; it is made by the release of chemicals called neurotransmitters from an axon. These neurotransmitters cross a small gap between neurons, then permeate the cell wall at the dendrite, or cell body, of receiving neuron to
Secondary ossification centers or epiphyseal plates areas near the ends of long bones where new bone cells are formed and deposited so that the bones grow in length. Active secondary oddification centers are indicated on X rays by a line (an area not opaque) that is a layer of cartilage cells. Such an area
Appositional bone growth involves the addition of new layers on previously formed layers so that a bone grows in girth.
Glia are the cells of the nervous system that support and nourish the neurons.
Myelin is an insulating sheath around the axons.
Cerebral cortex is the wrinkles surface of the brain containing millions of neurons and regulating many human functions and behaviours.
Myelination the process whereby the axons of the neural cells are insulated when insulating myelin sheaths formed by Schwann (glial) cells wrap themselves around the axon.
Nerve tracts major neurological pathways. There are two major motor tracts
Neurogenesis the division and propagation of neurons.
Created by: Prof.T.Klarner
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