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Chapter 8

TermDefinition
Differentiation is the process wherein cells become specialized tissues and organs.
Hyperplasia is an increase in the absolute number of cells.
Hypertrophy is an increase in the relative size of an individual cell.
Cephalocaudal is the direction of growth beginning at the head and extending toward the lower body.
Proximodistal Is the direction of growth proceeding from the body toward the extremities.
Plasticity is modifiability or malle-ability; in regard to growth, it is the ability if tissues to subsume functions otherwise carried out by other tissues.
Congenital defects are anomalies present at birth, regardless of whether their causes are genetic or extrinsic.
Teratogen is any drug or chemical agent that causes abnormal prenatal development upon exposure.
Age at takeoff is the age at which the rate of growth begins to increase.
Physiological maturation is the developmental process leading to a state of full function.
Secondary sex characteristics are aspects of form or structure appropriate to males or females, often used to assess physiological maturity in adolescents.
Catch-up growth is a relatively rapid physical growth of the body to recover some or all potential growth lost during a period of negative extrinsic influence. It occurs once the negative influence is removed.
Created by: Prof.T.Klarner
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