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Philosophy Week 2

Thinking Well

TermDefinition
Heuristics mental shortcuts that make decisions quicker
Conformation Bias only looking for evidence to prove your theory true, not any evidence to prove your theory wrong
System 1 unconscious, intuitive gut responses, fast, frequent
System 2 conscious, reflective or rational mind, slow, effortful, infrequent
Fallacy a flaw in reasoning
Ad Hominem person A makes a claim, person B attacks person A's claim therefore person A is wrong
Appeal to Common Practice most people do X therefore X is correct "bandwagon"
Appeal to Nature person A says a practice is natural therefore assumes it is morally good
Slippery Slope event X has occurred so event Y will happen and be worse
Straw Man person A makes claim, person B argues against a similar but different claim and attacks something person A never said
Principle of Charity figure out the other persons best argument and attack it
Argument a series of statements/reasons trying to prove a claim
Premise statement taken for granted in context of an argument
Conclusion a claim the argument is supposed to convince you to accept
Deductive Argument premises intended to provide conclusive support
Induction premises intend to provide probable support
True vs False is there evidence or facts?
Valid vs Invalid if i assume my premises are true is the conclusion also true?
Sound vs Unsound true and valid, facts and form apply to the argument
Strong vs Weak if i assume my premises are true does the conclusion likely follow?
Cogent vs Uncogent true and strong, facts and form support argument
Created by: Aliciawhisman
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