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Period 3 Oxides

AQA A Level Chemistry

QuestionAnswer
Write the balanced equation for sodium reacting with water including state symbols 2Na(s) + H2O(aq) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
Which product determines the pH of the solution formed when sodium reacts with water. NaOH(aq) it is alkaline (pH13-14)
What pH is the solution formed after sodium reacts with water? pH 13-14
Why does sodium melt into a ball when it reacts with water The reaction is highly exothermic
Describe and explain the difference in reactivity between sodium and magnesium (4) Na is more reactive, Mg contains stronger metallic bonds, due to the metal ions having a higher charge and being smaller and because there are more delocalised electrons
Why is the reaction of magnesium with water much slower than sodium The metallic bonding in magensium is stronger causing the activation energy of the reaction to be high
Write a balanced equation for magensium reacting with steam, including state symbols Mg(s) + H2O(g) → MgO(s) + H2(g)
Write a balanced equation for sodium reacting with oxygen, including state symbols Na(s) + O2(g) → Na2O(s)
Write a balanced equation for magnesium reacting with oxygen, including state symbols 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s)
Write a balanced equation for aluminium reacting with oxygen, including state symbols 4Al(s) + 3O2(g) → 2Al2O3(s)
Write a balanced equation for silicon reacting with oxygen, including state symbols Si(s) + O2(g) → SiO2(s)
Write a balanced equation for phosphorus reacting with oxygen, including state symbols 4P(s) + 5O2(g) → P4O10(s)
Write a balanced equation for sulfur reacting with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide, including state symbols S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g)
Write a balanced equation for sulfur reacting with oxygen to form sulfur trioxide, including state symbols 2SO2(s) + O2(g) → 2SO3(g)
Describe the structure and bonding in sodium, magensium and aluminium oxide giant ionic lattice
Describe and explain the difference in the mpt of sodium and magnesium oxide mpt of MgO is higher because the metal ion is smaller with a higher charge resulting in greater electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions
Describe and explain the difference in the mpt of magensium and aluminium oxide MgO is higher because Al2O3 contains covalent character, due to the very small and highly charged metal ion which distorts the electron density of the O2- ion
Describe the structure and bonding in silicon dioxide giant covalent structure
Explain why the mpt of silicon dioxide is very high due to giant covalent structure, strong covalent bonds need to be broken which requires a lot of energy
Describe the structure and bonding of phosphorus and sulfur oxides simple covalent molecules
Which has a higher mpt P4O10 or SO2. Explain your answer P4O10, as it is a larger molecule resulting in stronger van der waals forces between molecules
Which period 3 oxides are basic? sodium and magensium oxide
Write a balanced equation for sodium oxide reacting with water, including state symbols Na2O(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq)
Write a balanced equation for magnesium oxide reacting with water, including state symbols MgO(s) + 2H2O(l) → Mg(OH)2(aq)
What is the pH og Mg(OH)2 About 8-10
Why does NaO dissolve to make an alkaline solution? Na breaks up into its ions, the O2- ion takes an H+ from water forming 2 OH- ions
Why is the pH of sodium hydroxide higher than magnesium hydroxide? MgO is only slightly soluble, due to a higher lattice enthalpy. The concentration of O2- ions in solution are low therefore the OH- concentration is low, making the solution only slightly alkaline
What is the pH of the solution when Al2O3 is mixed with water and why 7, as it is insoluble due to a high lattice enthalpy
What is the pH of the solution when sulfur dioxide is mixed with water and why 7, as it is insoluble due giant covalent structure which needs a large amount of energy to break
Which period 3 oxides are acidic? phosphorus and sulfur oxides
Write a balanced equation for phosphorus oxide reacting with water, including state symbols P4O10(s) + 6H2O(l) → 4H3PO4(aq)
Write a balanced equation for sulfur dioxide reacting with water, including state symbols SO2(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO3(aq)
Write a balanced equation for sulfur trioxide reacting with water, including state symbols SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(aq)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how sulfuric (VI) acid dissociates into its ions in solution H2SO4(aq) → 2H+(aq) + SO42-(aq)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how sulfuric (IV) acid dissociates into its ions in solution H2SO3 (aq)→ H+(aq) + HSO3-(aq)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how phosphoric acid dissociates into its ions in solution H3PO4(aq)→ H+(aq)+ H2PO4-(aq)
Which period 3 oxides react with acids? sodium and magensium oxides
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how sodium oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid Na2O(s) + 2HCl(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how sodium oxide reacts with sulfuric acid Na2O(s) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how magnesium oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid MgO(s) +2HCl(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how megnesium oxide reacts with sulfuric acid MgO(s) + H2SO4(aq) → MgSO4(aq) + H2O(l)
Which period 3 oxides react with bases? phosphorus and sulfur oxides
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how silicon dioxide reacts with sodium hydroxide SiO2(s) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2SiO3(aq) + H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how phosphorus oxide reacts with sodium hydroxide P4O10(s) + 12NaOH(aq) → 4Na3PO4(aq) + 6H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how sulfur dioxide reacts with sodium hydroxide SO2(g) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2SO3(aq) + H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how sulfur trioxide reacts with sodium hydroxide SO3(g) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(l)
What does amphoteric mean? Something that reacts with both acids and bases
Which period 3 oxide is amphoteric and why? Aluminium oxide, because it has both ionic and covalent character
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how aluminium oxide reacts with sodium hydroxide Al2O3 + 6NaOH (aq) 3H2O(l) → 2NaAl(OH)4(aq)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how aluminium oxide reacts with sulphuric acid Al2O3 + 3H2SO4(aq) → Al2(SO4)3 (aq) + 3H2O(l)
Write a balanced equation including state symbols to show how aluminium oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid Al2O3 + 6HCl(aq) → 2AlCl3(aq) + 3H2O(l)
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