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congiuntivo

sample sentences using the subjunctive and other tenses & moods

QuestionAnswer
I don't believe that he was in Italy last year. (Congiuntivo Passato) Non credo che lui sia stato in Italia l'anno scorso.
I don't think the boys went out by themselves last night. (CP) Non penso che i ragazzi siano usciti da soli ieri sera.
It is not fair that the government increased taxes. (CP) Non e giusto che il governo abbia aumentato le tasse.
...that I have spoken, I spoke (CP) ...that you (familiar) have spoken ...that he, she, you (polite) have spoken abbia parlato abbia parlato abbia parlato
...that we have spoken, we spoke (CP) ...that you (plural) have spoken, you spoke ...that they have spoken, they spoke abbiamo parlato abbiate parlato abbiano parlato
I think that Maria has eaten (ate) the spaghetti. (CP) Penso che Maria abbia mangiato gli spaghetti.
I believe that my brother has paid (paid) the bill. (CP) Credo che mio fratello abbia pagato il conto.
I imagine that you (plural) have already seen (saw) that film. (CP) Immagino che voi siate già visto quel film.
He believes that we drank the coffee at the bar yesterday. (CP) Lui crede che noi abbiamo bevuto il caffè al bar ieri.
My friends think that I went to Italy last year. (CP) My friend thinks that they went to Italy last year. I miei amici pensano che io sia andato in Italia l'anno scorso. Il mio amico pensa che siano andati in Italia l'anno scorso.
My mother believes that you (plural) returned to Italy last year. (CP) Mia madre crede che voi siate tornati in Italia l'anno scorso.
My friends think that I went to Italy last year. (CP) I miei amici pensano che io sia andato in Italia l'anno scorso.
My friend thinks that they went to Italy last year. (CP) Il mio amico pensa che loro siano andati in Italia l'anno scorso.
My friends think that we went to Italy last year. (CP) vs. (no difference in this case) My friends know that we went to Italy last year. (PP) I miei amici pensano che siamo andati in Italia l'anno scorso. vs. (no difference in this case) I miei amici sanno che siamo andati in Italia l'anno scorso.
My friends think that I went to Italy last year. (CP) vs. My friends know that I went to Italy last year. (PP) I miei amici pensano che sia andato in Italia l'anno scorso. vs. I miei amici sanno che sono andato in Italia l'anno scorso.
e.g., Avevo mangiato prima che arrivassero. The Trapassato Prossimo (TP) is used to indicate that......an event was completed before another past time. The TP is called the pluperfect indicative in English. e.g., I had eaten before they arrived.
The first conjugation endings for the Presente del Congiuntivo (PC) are... -i, -i, -i, -iamo, -iate, -ino e.g., parli or parliamo, parliate, parlino cominci or cominciamo, cominciate, comincino paghi or paghiamo, paghiate, paghino
The second conjugation endings for the Presente del Congiuntivo (PdC) are... -a, -a, -a, -iamo, -iate, -ano e.g., scriva or scriviamo, scriviate, scrivano
The third conjugation Type 1 endings for the Presente del Congiuntivo (PC) are... -a, -a, -a, -iamo, -iate, -ano e.g., dorma or dormiamo, dormiate, dormano
The third conjugation Type 2 endings for the Presente del Congiuntivo (PC) are... -isca, -isca, -isca, -iamo, -iate, -iscano e.g., finisca or finiamo, finiate, finiscano
It is important that you (fam) finish that job. It is important that he finish that job. È importante che tu finisca quel lavoro. È importante che lui finisca quel lavoro.
It is probable that he may not recognize you anymore. (PdC) È probabile che lui non ti riconosca più.
It is necessary that you (sing.) study more. (PdC) È necessario che Lei studi di più.
It is needed that you (pl.) study more. (PdC) Bisogna che voi studiate di più.
She is the most intelligent person that I know. (PdC) Lei è la persona più intelligente che io conosco
Wherever you go, I will follow you. (PdC) Dovunque tu vada [not va], io ti seguirò.
Although it is raining, I am going out all the same. (PdC) Benché piova, uscirò lo stesso.
If you could come (Cimp) Se tu potessi venire
I wish I could find (Cimp) Magari potessi trovare
I wish I could participate in the game. (Cimp) Magari potessi participare al gioco
If you want, I can tell you the story of dreams. Se vuoi, ti posso raccontare la storia dei sogni. or Se vuoi, posso raccontarti la storia dei sogni.
If they made such a party for the birthday, who knows what they are going to do for the wedding. Se hanno fatto una festa cosi per il compleanno, chissà che cosa faranno per il matrimonio.
You (sing./masc) have been (were) invited. He has been (was)invited She/you (fem.) has been (was) invited. (Lei) è stato invitato. (Lui) è stato invitato. (Lei (fem.) or lei) è stata invitata.
They (masc. or both) have been (were) invited. They (fem.) have been (were) invited. (Loro) sono stati invitati. (Loro) sono state invitate.
I have been (was) invited. (Io) sono stato invitato. (Io) sono stata invitata.
You (fam.) have been (were) invited. (Tu) sei invitato. (Tu) sei invitata.
We have been (were) invited. (Noi) siamo stati invitati. (Noi) siamo state invitate.
You (pl.) have been (were) invited. (Voi) siete stati invitati (Voi) siete state invitate.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood Use in dependent clauses in sentences that express an emotion, a thought, or an opinion. Formed by congiuntivo presente of avere or essere + past participle of acting verb. e.g., abbia avuto or sia stato Congiuntivo Passato Sono contento che tu sia venuto alla mia festa. Loro sono contento che io abbia avuto i soldi. abbia x 3, abbiamo, abbiate, abbiano + e.g., avuto, fatto sia x 3, siamo, siate, siano + stato, (a, i e), andatto (a, i, e)
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I'm sorry that we didn't eat pizza during your trip. Congiuntivo Passato Mi dispiace che durante il tuo viaggio non abbiamo mangiato la pizza napoletana.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I think she went to her Italian lesson. Congiuntivo Passatp Credo che lei sia andata alla sua lezione di italiana.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I think they resumed discussions. Congiuntivo Passato Credo che (loro) abbiano ripreso le discussioni.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I'm sorry that he spoke that way. Congiuntivo Passato Mi dispiace che lui abbia parlato cosi.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood We're glad they came. Congiuntivo Passato Siamo contento che (loro) siano venuti.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I don't believe they went to Italy. Congiuntivo Passato Non credo che (loro) siano andatti in Italia.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I expect that today you studied for your exams. Congiuntivo Passato Mi aspetto che oggi tu abbia studiato per gli esami.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I'm worried that she got lost. Congiuntivo Passato Temo che lei si sia persa.
Present Perfect Subjunctive Mood I bet that you didn't know many people in Rome, right? Congiuntivo Passato Immagino che tu non abbia conosciuto molte persone a Roma, vero?
Present Subjunctive--Speak--Parlare--1st Conj. ...that I speak, I am speaking, I may speak ...that you (fam.)... ...that he/she/You... ...that we... ...that you (pl.)... ...that they... Presente del Congiuntivo--Parlare--1st Conj. ...che io parli ...che tu parli ...che lui/lei/Lei parli ...che noi parliamo ...che voi parliate ...che loro parlino
Present Subjunctive--Begin--Cominciare--1st Conj. ...that I begin, I am beginning, I may begin ...that you (fam.)... ...that he/she/You (for)... ...that we... ...that you (pl.)... ...that they... Presente del Congiuntivo--Cominciare--1st Conj. ...che io cominci ...che tu cominci ...che lui/lei/Lei cominci ...che noi cominciamo ...che voi cominciate ...che loro comincino
Present Subjunctive--Eat--Mangiare--1st Conj. ...that I eat, I am eating, I may eat ...that you (fam.)... ...that he/she/You (for)... ...that we... ...that you (pl.)... ...that they... Presente del Congiuntivo--Mangiare--1st Conj. ...che io mangi ...che tu mangi ...che lui/lei/Lei mangi ...che noi mangamo ...che voi mangiate ...che loro mangino
Present Subjunctive---Search--Cercare--1st Conj. ...that I search, I am searching, I may search ...that you (fam.)... ...that he/she/You (for)... ...that we... ...that you (pl.)... ...that they... Presente del Congiuntivo--Cercare--1st conj. ...che io cerchi ...che tu cerchi ...che lui/lei/Lei cerchi ...che noi cerchiamo ...che voi cerchiate ...che loro cerchino
Present Subjunctive--Write--Scrivere--2nd Conj. ...that I write, I am writing, I may write ...that you (fam.)... ...that he/she/You (for)... ...that we... ...that you (pl.)... ...that they... Presente del Congiuntivo--Scrivere--2nd Conj. ...che io scriva ...che tu scriva ...che lui/lei/Lei scriva ...che noi scriviamo ...che voi scriviate ...che loro scrivano
Present Subjunctive--Sleep--Dormire--3rd Conj. Type 1 ...that I sleep, I am sleeping, I may sleep ...that you (fam.)... ...that he/she/You (for)... ...that we... ...that you (pl.)... ...that they... Presente del Congiuntivo--Dormire--3rd Conj. Type 1 ...che io dorma ...che tu dorma ...che lui/lei/Lei dorma ...che noi dormiamo ...che voi dormiate ...che loro dormano
Present Subjunctive--Finish--Finire--3rd Conj. Type 2 ...that I finish, I am finishing, I may finish ...that you (fam.)... ...that he/she/You (for)... ...that we... ...that you (pl.)... ...that they... Presente del Congiuntivo--Finire--3rd Conj. Type 2 ...che io finisca ...che tu finisca ...che lui/lei/Lei finisca ...che noi finiamo ...che voi finiate ...che loro finiscano
Present Subjunctive Presente del Congiuntivo
Present Subjunctive Presente del Congiuntivo
Present Subjunctive Presente del Congiuntivo
Present Subjunctive Presente del Congiuntivo
Created by: Pietro in NY
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