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Periodic Table Vocab
Review of Periodic Table Vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Atom | The basic unit of a chemical element |
Electron | The smallest part of an atom. It has a negative charge. It is located in the electron cloud outside the nucleus. |
Valence Electron | Electrons in the outermost shell. They are responsible for the chemical properties. They are the electrons involved in chemical bonding. |
Element | Any substance that cannot be broken down in smaller substances using ordinary chemical processes. |
Periodic Table | a table of the chemical elements arranged in order of atomic number, usually in rows, so that elements with similar atomic structure (and hence similar chemical properties) appear in vertical columns |
Physical Properties | Properties that can be measured or observed without changing the chemical nature of the substance |
Chemical Properties | Any of a material's properties that becomes evident during, or after, a chemical reaction |
Groups | The columns of the periodic table. Each group has the same number of valence electrons and similar chemical properties |
Periods | The horizontal rows of the periodic table. Each element in a period has the same number of orbitals. |
Reactivity | The ability of an element to react with other elements. |