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Vocab ch. 15

QuestionAnswer
chemical bond the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together
ionic bond the attractive force between oppositely charged ions, which form when electrons are transferred from one atom to another
covalent compound a chemical compound that is formed by the sharing of electrons
acid any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water; acids turn blue litmus paper red and react with bases and some metals to form salts
indicator a compound that can reversibly change color depending on conditions such as pH
base any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water; bases turn red litmus paper blue and react with acids to form salts
neutralization reaction the reaction of the ions that characterize acids (hydronium ions) and the ions that characterize bases (hydroxide ions) to form water molecules and a salt
pH a value that is used to express the acidity or alkalinity (basicity) of a system; each whole number on the scale indicates a tenfold change in acidity; a pH of 7 is neutral, a pH of less than 7 is acidic, and a pH of greater than 7 is basic
salt an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom or a positive radical replaces the hydrogen of an acid
organic compound a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxides
hydrocarbon an organic compound composed only of carbon and hydrogen
carbohydrate any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things
lipid a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water, including fats and steroids; lipids store energy and make up cell membranes
protein an organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells
nucleic acid an organic compound, either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information
Created by: zoey1472
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