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What are some key differences between ionic and covalent compounds?
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Provide an example of an ionic and covalent compound.
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SC9 Chemistry

Chemistry Review

QuestionAnswer
What are some key differences between ionic and covalent compounds? * Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points *Covalent compounds have low melting and boiling points. *Ionic compounds conduct electricity when melted *Covalent compounds are poor electrical conductors.
Provide an example of an ionic and covalent compound. * Example of an ionic compound: RbF * Example of a covalent compound: CO2
Are ionic compounds usually solids, liquids or gases? Solids.
What state(s) are most common for covalent compounds? Gases, liquids, or soft solids.
Do ionic compounds have high or low melting/boiling points? Explain why. High melting/boiling points because many have more atoms in each molecule and most have a stronger force between molecules.
Do covalent compounds have high or low melting/boiling points? Explain why. Low melting/boiling points because they have only a few atoms and the forces between molecules is weak.
Classify each of the following as a chemical or physical change: a. Rust forming on a coin? b. Metal reacting with an acid to produce hydrogen gas: c. Making popsicles in the freezer: d. Baking bread e. Chopping wood f. Adding sugar to coffee a. chemical change b. chemical change c. physical change d. chemical change e. physical change f. physical change
Name these simple ionic compounds: a. CaCl2 b. K2O c. Sc2S3 d. Li3P a. Calcium chloride b. Potassium oxide c. Scandium sulphide d. Lithium phosphide
Write formulas for these simple ionic compounds: a. Beryllium oxide b. Sodium sulphide c. Magnesium nitride d. Zinc chloride a. BeO b. Na2S c. Mg3N2 d. ZNCl2
Name these ionic compounds (containing a multivalent ion) a. FeO b. Ni2S3 c. CrCl2 d. TiSe2 a. Iron (II) oxide b. Nickel (III) sulphide c. Chromium (II) chloride) d.Titanium (IV) selenide
Write formulas for these ionic compounds (containing multivalent ions): a. Cobalt (III) bromide b. Chromium (II) oxide c. Niobium (V) fluoride d. Molybdenum (II) nitride a. CoBr2 b. CrO c. NbF5 d. Mo3N2
Name these ionic compounds (containing polyatomic ions): a. NH3Cl b. Ca(OH)2 c. K2CO3 d. Mg3(PO4)2 a. Ammonium chloride b. Calcium hydroxide c. Potassium carbonate d. Magnesium phosphate
What is a compound? A pure substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined.
What is an element? A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances (because it is composed of only one kind of atom).
What is a covalent compound? A compound in which two or more atoms combine by sharing electrons. Water (H2O) is an example.
What is an ionic substance? A compound in which oppositely charged ions combine due to mutual attraction. Table salt (NaCl) is an example.
What is an ionic lattice? A repeating pattern of positive and negative ions within an ionic compound.
What is a polyatomic ion? An ion composed of more than one type of atom combined by covalent bonds.
What is an exothermic reaction? A reaction that produces energy usually in the form of light or heat.
What is an endothermic reaction? A reaction that absorbs energy.
What is a chemical bond? A chemical bond is...connections between two or more atoms holding them together.
What is a precipitate? A solid substance that forms in a solution.
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