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HLT250 Exam 1
Pharmacology Exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Pregnancy Category A | No Risk to Fetus ex. Tylenol |
| Pregnancy Category B | No evidence of risk |
| Pregnancy Category C | Risk cannot be ruled out ex. Prozac |
| Pregnancy Category D | Positive risk to fetus |
| Pregnancy Category X | Contraindicated in pregnancy |
| Pharmacology | Study of drugs & their actions on living organisms |
| Largest category of drugs | Prescription drugs |
| Drug development timeframe | Usually takes 7-12 years |
| What agency approves new drugs | Food & Drug Administration (FDA) |
| How to calculate dosage | (Dose Desire/Dose on Hand) * Quantity = Amount to give |
| Parts of a prescription | Provider's Signature, Provider's License, Patient's Name, Date, Drug Name, Quantity, Dosage, Frequency, Refills, Route of Administration |
| Drug Names | Chemical name & Generic name |
| Psychological Dependence | Compulsion to use a substance to obtain a pleasurable experience |
| Controlled Substance Schedules | I-V; I = High Abuse Potential; V = Limited Abuse Potential |
| Harrison Narcotic Act | Regulated the sale of narcotics; Prescription needed |
| Factors Influencing Drug Response | Age, Weight, Gender, Disease, Route of Administration |
| Herbal Therapy | Botanical Medicine; Not regulated by the FDA; Used by 80% of the world's population |
| Routes of Administration | Oral, Parenteral, Topical, Transdermal, Inhalation, Rectal |
| Oral Routes of Administration | Sublingual (SL), Buccal |
| Parenteral Routes of Administration | IV, IM, SC, Intradermal, Intralesional, Intra-arterial, Intracardiac, Intra-articular |
| Six Rights of Drug Administration | Patient, Drug, Dose, Time, Route, Documentation |
| Symptoms of Shock | Pallor, Cyanosis, Cold, clammy skin, Agitation, Confusion, Coma, Hypotension, Tachypnea, Pulmonary edema, Acidosis |
| Cholinergic Drugs are Used to Treat | Glaucoma, Myasthenia Gravis & Urinary Retention |
| Cholinergic Blocking Drugs are Used to Treat | Peptic Ulcers & Parkinsonism |
| Insomnia | Effects 84 million people--more women that men; Stresses in life or Lifestyle changes affect this |
| Sedatives | Relax & calm; Should not be used longer than 2 weeks |
| Hypnotics | Induces sleep; Ex. dalmane; Should not be used longer than 2 weeks |
| Symptoms of Depression | Lack of socialization, Tired, Sadness, Weight Changes; Symptoms are daily or nearly daily for over 2 weeks |
| Example of Antidepressant | elavil |
| Parkinson's Disease | Neurodegenerative disease caused by Dopamine deficiency; Affects 1.5 Million Americans, most over age 50, Affects more men |
| Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease | Involuntary Movements, Tremors, Muscle Rigidity, Bradykinesia, Postural Instability |
| Dopaminergic Drugs | Used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's Disease; Replace dopamine or increase its action in the brain |
| Levodopa | Dopaminergic drug used most with Parkinson's; chemical formulation found in plants, converted into dopamine by nerve cells in the brain; 500-1000mg dosage (can be increased) |
| Adverse effects of Levodopa | Uncontrolled & purposeless movements, Involuntary movements, Loss of appetite, Nausea & vomiting |
| Alzheimer Disease | Progessive deterioration of mental & physical abilities with no recovery |
Created by:
jlimmo
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