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PS Chapter 17:PTable

PS Chapter 17: Periodic Table and Elements Coach Leach

TermDefinition
alchemy An ancient form of chemistry that also included philosophy, religion, observational science, art mysticism, and ritual; often associated with occult practices and efforts to change base materials into gold or discover elixirs of youth.
periodic table of the elements A table of the chemical elements that is arranged to display their periodic properties in relation to their atomic numbers.
periodic law of the elements The properties of the elements vary with their atomic numbers in a periodic way.
metal An element that is typically dense, solid, ductile, malleable, highly conductive, and chemically reactive, especially in the presence of nonmetal elements; having few valence electrons and comprise almost three fourths of all elements.
nonmetal An element that typically has four or more valence electrons and does not exhibit the general properties of metals.
metalloid An element that is neither a metal nor a nonmetal that can display some characteristics of either under certain conditions.
family Elements having the same valence electrons structure and often similar chemical properties; residing in a column on the periodic table.
alkali metal An element in Group 1A of the periodic table ; strongly reactive metal with an oxidation number of +1.
alkaline earth metal An element in Group 2A of the periodic table; a very reactive metal having an oxidation number of +2.
transition element A metal element found in the B sub groups of the periodic table.
carbon family Group 4A of the periodic table. The elements have variable chemical activity and usually have an oxidation number of +4 or -4, depending on the other elements they bond with.
nitrogen family Group 5A of the periodic table. The chemical activity of this group is highly variable with several elements having as many as eight different oxidation numbers.
oxygen family Group 6A of the periodic table. Most elements in this chemically reactive family have an oxidation number of -2.
halogen family Group 7A of the periodic table. Very chemically reactive elements that usually have an oxidation number of -1.
noble gas An element in Group 8A of the periodic table of elements.
inner transition element Any member of the two rows of metal elements usually placed below the periodic table, which typically have an oxidation number of +2.
period The time interval required to complete one cycle of a system experiencing periodic motion, measured in seconds.
electron dot notation A chemical symbol of an element that displays the number and basic arrangement of the valence electrons of an atom in its ground state.
Created by: CoachLeach
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