Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Ch. 6 Anatomy Muscle
Muscles Ch. 6
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force |
| excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus |
| elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched |
| epimysium | connective tissue sheath |
| fascia | another connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
| perimysium | loose connective tissue surrounding fascicle |
| fibers | single muscle cells |
| endomysium | connective tissue sheath surrounding fibers |
| myofibrils | threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other |
| actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments |
| myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments |
| sacromeres | highly ordered units formed by actin and myosin myofilaments |
| resting membrane potential | charge difference across the membrane |
| action potential | brief reversal back of the charge |
| motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| neruomuscular junction | formed by branches connecting to the muscle |
| motor unit | single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates |
| presynaptic terminal | enlarged nerve terminal |
| synaptic cleft | space between the presynaptic terminal and the muscle cell |
| postsynaptic terminal | muscle fiber |
| synaptic vesicles | included in each presynaptic terminal |
| acetylcholine | neruotransmitter secreted by synaptic vesicles |
| acetylcholinesterase | enzyme that rapidly breaks down the acetylcholine that is released into the synaptic cleft |
| sliding filament mechanism | sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction |
| muscle twitch | contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers |
| threshold | level in which a muscle fiber will finally respond to stimulus |
| all or none response | when the muscle fiber contracts m aximally |
| lag phase | time between application of a stimulus to a motor neruron and the beginning of a contraction |
| contraction phase | the time of contraction |
| relaxation phase | time during which the muscle relaxes |
| tetany | where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing |
| recruitment | the increase in number of motor units being activated |
| ATP | is needed for energy for muscle contraction |
| ATP | produced in mitochondria |
| ATP | is short lived and unstable |
| creatine phosphate | high energy molecule |
| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| oxygen debt | amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions to convert lactic acid to glucose and to replenish the depleted stores of creatine phophate stores in muscle cells |
| muscle fatigue | results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced in the muscle cells |
| isometric contractions | the length of the muscle does not change, but the amount of tension increases during the contraction process |
| isotonic | the amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during the contraction, but the length of the muscle changes |
| muscle tone | coonstant tension produced by muscles of the body for long periods of time |
| fast twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
| slow twitch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
| origin | most stationary end of the muscle |
| insertion | the end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| belly | portion of the muscle between the origin and the insertion |
| synergists | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements |
| antagonists | muscles that work in opposition to one another |
| prime mover | one muscle plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement |
| facial muscles | muscles controlling movements of the face |
| occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
| orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids and causes "crows feet" wrinkles in the skin at the lateral corners of the eye |
| orbicularis oris | puckers the lips |
| buccinator | flattens the cheeks |
| kissing muscles | orbicularis oris and buccinator |
| zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
| levator labii superioris | sneering |
| depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| mastication | chewing |
| intrinsic tongue muscles | change the shape of the tongue |
| extrinsic tongue muscles | move the tongue |
| sternocleidomastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover |
| erector spinae | group of muscles on each side of the back |
| external intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
| diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing |
| linea alba | tendinous area of the abdominal wall |
| rectus abdominis | located on each side of the linea alba |
| tendinous inscriptions | cross the rectus abdominis at three or more locations |
Created by:
gtcurnutte1
Popular Physical Science sets