Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Pharm Autonomic
USCSOM: Pharm: Autonomic Lecture Drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What adrenergic receptors are stimulated by NE? | alpha-1, beta-1, alpha-2 |
| What adrenergic receptors are stimulated by Epi? | alpha-1, beta-1, beta-2, alpha-2 |
| What adrenergic receptors are stimulated by low doses of Dopamine? | D1 |
| What adrenergic receptors are stimulated by moderate doses of Dopamine? | D1, Beta-1 |
| What adrenergic receptors are stimulated by high doses of Dopamine? | alpha1, beta-1 |
| What does Beta-1 activation do? | increases all cardiac functions |
| What does alpha 1 activation do? | contracts smooth muscle |
| What does Beta-2 activation do? | relaxes smooth muscle |
| Botulinus toxin (botox) | inhibits ACh release |
| Latrotoxin | increase ACh release; black widow |
| Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) | neuromuscular junction, autonomic ganglia, post para-synapses |
| Psedocholinesterase | plasma, liver, glial cells |
| Acetylcholine | muscarinic agonist; not clinically useful; hydrolized too rapidly |
| Bethanechol | muscarinic agonist; long duration, no nicotinic, contract GI and bladder, no CNS |
| Pilocarpine | muscarinic agonist; treat glaucoma, CNS effects, not for systemic use (too many secretions) |
| Muscarine | muscarinic agonist; Amanita fungi; mushroom tox, no nicotinic |
| Edrophonium | reversible AChE inhibitor; brief action, rapidly eliminated |
| Neostigmine | AChE ihibitor; slowly reversible, NO CNS effects |
| Physostigmine | AChE inhibitor; slowly reversible, CNS effects; treats muscarinic antagonist tox |
| Carbaryl | "Seven Dust" insecticide; slowly reversible AChE inhibitor |
| Donepezil | slowly reversible AChE inhibitor; Alzheimers; CNS effects |
| Echothiophate | irreversible AChE inhibitor; treat glaucoma |
| Nerve Gases | irreversible AChE inhibitor; Sarin, VX series |
| Parathion | irreversible AChE inhibitor; insecticide converted to active state by Cyt P450 |
| Malathion | irreversible AChE inhibitor; degraded in plasma, a "safer" insecticide; treat head lice |
| Pralidoxime (2-PAM) | cholinesterase reactivator; must be given in a timely manner after irreversible AChE inhibition |
| SLUDGE-BAM | muscarinic activity: salivation, lacrimation, urination, defecation, GI cramps, Emesis, Bronchoconstriction/Bradycardia, Accomidation, Miosis |
| 6 therapeutic uses of AChE inhibitors | Glaucoma, GI Atony, Myasthenia gravis, reverse NM blockade, muscarinic antagonist intoxication, Alzheimers |
| Atropine | natural muscarinic antagonist; belladonna; treat AChE inhibitors |
| Scopolamine | muscarinic antagonist; CNS effects; sedative; motion sicknesses |
| Ipratropium Bromide | synthetic muscarinic antagonist; inhalent used from asthma |
| Glycopyrrolate | synthetic muscarinic antagonists; antispasmodics for treating irritable bowel |
| Nicotine | nicotinic receptor agonists; depolarization block at autonomic ganglia |
| Hexamethonium | ganglionic nicotinic antagonists; postural hypotension |
| Decamethonium | neuromuscular nicotinic antagonists |
| d-Tubocurarine | competitive neuromuscular blocker; long acting, no CNS; histamine release |
| Atracurium | intermediate nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker; safe for renal; can cause seizures |
| Vecuronium | intermediate nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker; |
| Succinylcholine | depolarizing neuromuscular blocker; rapid onset, brief duration; pseudocholinesterase sensitive; tracheal intubation |
| Dantrolene | control malignant hyperthermia; inhibits calcium release |
| Metyrosine | inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase; block NE synthesis |
| Reserpine | block NE synthesis; decrease symp function; cause major depression |
| Amphetamine | increase NE release; also increase Ser and DA release in CNS; CNS stimulant |
| Tyramine | increase NE release; found in fermented foods, "cheese" effect; metabolized by MAO-A |
| Guanethidine | decrease release of NE; reuptake, block and release NE stores; antihypertensive, pheochromocytoma sensitive |
| Tricyclic Antidepressants | blocks reuptake at adrenergic receptors |
| Cocaine | blocks reuptake at adrenergic; indirect acting sympathomimetic amine; CNS stimulant |
| Pheneizine | MAO inhibitor; antidepressant; avoid Tyramine |
| Tranylcypromine | MAO inhibitor; antidepressant; avoid Tyramine |
| Tolcapone | COMT inhibitor; increase DA and NE |
| Phenylephrine | alpha 1 agonists; increase BP, mydriasis, increase outflow in eye |
| Clonidine/Methyldopa | alpha 2 agonists; decrease NE release, decrease BP, antihypertensives |
| Brimonidine | alpha 2 agonist; treat glaucoma without mydriasis |
| Isoproterenol | non-selective beta agonists; increase all cardiac, bronchodilation, relax uterine smooth mm |
| Dobutamine | beta 1 agonist; increase all cardiac, use for congestive heart failure |
| Albuterol | beta 2 agonist; short acting, used in asthma |
| Salmeterol | long acting beta 2 agonist; used in combination with other drugs |
| Ritodrine | beta 2 agonist; terminate preterm labor, falling out of favor |
| Norepinephrine | Alpha 1/2, Beta 1 agonist; cardiogenic shock; ischemia with subcut. injections |
| Epinephrine | alpha 1/2, beta 1/2 agonist; low doses beta 1/2; high doses alpha 1 beta-1; |
| Dipivefrin | prodrug for epinephrine; mydriasis and open angle glaucoma |
| Dopamine (low dose) | D1 stimulation; vasodilation in renal and mesenteric vascular beds |
| Dopamine (moderate dose) | D1 and beta-1 |
| Dopamine (high doses) | alpha 1 and beta-1 |
| Selegiline | MAO-B inhibitor; increased Dopa in CNS; treat Parkinsons |
| Phentolamine | competitive alpha 1/2 antagonist; used in pheocromocytoma |
| Phenoxybenzamine | long acting alpha 1/2 antagonist; used in pheocromocytoma |
| Prazosin | alpha-1 receptor antagonist; "sin" drugs; antihypertensive, benign prostatic hyperplasia |
| Propranolol | beta blocker; decrease heart output, block renin release; antihypertensive |
| Timolol | decrease production of aq humor; glaucoma |
| Pindolol | beta blocker with partial beta agonist; less efects on receptor up-regulation and plasma lipids |
| Carvedilol | blocks beta and alpha-1; decrease BP and increase heart efficiency; CHF, antihypertensive |
| Metoprolol/Atenolol | Beta-1 antagonist; renal excretion; antihypertensive |
Created by:
jlellerm
Popular Pharmacology sets