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Radiation Biology 1

arrt review

QuestionAnswer
Stochastic effects probablistic and random like a car crash (Non-Threshold) EX; cancer, genetic mutations
Deterministic Effects predictable effects (Threshold) EX;cataracts, skin erythema, decreased sperm count, hair loss
Decreased sperm count is expected after receiving a radiation exposure of at least 150 mGY
Ionization When an atom loses an electron- chief reason for biological damage
skin erythema skin reddening/ burn
short-term radiation effects immediate deterministic effects, ARS, erythema
long-term radiation effects Delayed effects (years) cancer, genetic effects, cataracts
Somatic Effects Radiologic harm caused to the body of the exposed person
Genetic Effects Radiologic harm to the reproductive cells of the exposed body (sperm and eggs) mutated DNA passed to next generations (cystic fibrosis, heart disease)
Acute Radiation Syndrome ((ARS)) deterministic and unlikely to occur likely to occur in a nuclear accident- must be exposed to a high amount of radiation
what does "LD50/60" stand for? whole body Lethal Dose to kill 50% of the population in 60 days For humans LD50/60= 3-4 Gy!
What does RBE stand for? Relative Biological Effectiveness
Define Law of Bergonie & Tribondeau The radiosensitivity of a biological tissue is directly proportional to the mitotic activity. Most sensitive tissues are: -immature -unspecialized -rapidly dividing
Who is most at risk for biological damage from radiation? fetus in first trimester
Who is more radiosensitive: Males or Females? Females are more radiosensitive than males due to increased radiosensitive tissues such as breasts and gonads
Created by: mhaynes377
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