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Ch.17 terms and Def
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alzheimer Disease(AD) | A progressive form of dementia that affects memory, thinking, and behavior |
| Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) | A physiological brain disorder that affects the ability to engage in quiet, passive activities or to focus one's attention; attributable to a neurotransmitter imbalance |
| Autonomic nervous system(ANS) | The nervous system branch that carries out ''automatic'' body functions. It includes the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems |
| Blood-brain barrier(BBB) | A brain barrier that results from special permeability characteristics of chemicals from passing from the blood to the brain |
| Bradykinesia | Slowed movement |
| Brainstem | A section of the brain consisting of the medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain, which connect the forebrain and cerebrum to the spinal cord |
| Central nervous system(CNS) | Consists of the brain and spinal cord; it coordinates sensory and motor body function control |
| Cerebellum | A structure posterior to the pons and medulla oblongata responsible for posture, balance, and voluntary muscle movement |
| Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) | A continually produced and absorbed clear, watery fluid that flows in the brain ventricles around the brain surface and spinal cord |
| Epilepsy | A brain disorder marked by repeated seizures over time |
| Extrapyramidal symptoms(EPS) | Often result from taking antipsychotic medications and include parkinsonism, dystonia, and tremors |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | A stroke caused by a brain blood vessel rupture |
| Homeostasis | The body's tendency to maintain stability, as with body temperature |
| Insomnia | Difficulty falling or staying asleep |
| Ischemic stroke | A stroke caused by a brain blood vessel blockage |
| Multiple sclerosis(MS) | An autoimmune disorder that affects CNS nerves; it leads to hindered motor functions |
| Myasthenia gravis | A neuromuscular disorder leading to skeletal muscle weakness |
| Neuron | The nervous system's basic building block and cell |
| Parasympathetic nervous system(PSNS) | An autonomic nervous system division that functions during rest |
| Parkinson disease(PD) | A movement disorder with the classic symptoms of tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability |
| Peripheral nervous system(PNS) | The nervous system division outside the brain and the spinal cord |
| Polyneuropathy | A neurological disorder that occurs when many nerves malfunction; it may include painful neuropathy |
| Psychosis | A mental illness characterized by loss of contact with reality. Psychosis may be a true mental illness; due to an underlying medical condition (eg, dementia, drug withdrawal syndromes); or introduced by medications, recreational drugs, or poisons |
| Schizophrenia | A disorder characterized by inappropriate emotions and unrealistic thinking |
| Somatic nervous system | The motor neurons of the peripheral nervous system that control voluntary actions of the skeletal muscles and provide sensory input(touch, hearing, sight) |
| Sympathetic nervous system(SNS) | An autonomic nervous system division that activates during stress; the ''fight or flight'' response |
| Tardive dyskinesia(TD) | A type of dyskinesia (unwanted, involuntary rhythmic movements) recognized as a potential side effect of dopamine antagonists(eg, phenothiazines, metoclopramide); the symptoms may continue even after the offending drug is discontinued |
Created by:
jojeli85
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