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Lexicology
Lexicology is the study of the structure of the lexicon.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Lexicology | It is the study of the structure of the lexicon. |
| base | A free lexical word to which one or more endings can be added. A base can itself consist of more than one morpheme whereas a root contains only one |
| citation form | The form of a linguistic item which is given when it occurs on its own. Often the form used for a dictionary entry, typically the nominative of nouns and the infinitive of verbs (in English and German). |
| compound | a lexicological term, a word which contains more than one lexical morpheme. This word is thus a new word which is gained by combining two or more morphologically simpler words. |
| conversion | The use of an item of one class in another without any formal change, e.g. to breakfast from breakfast. Conversion is a common feature of analytical languages such as English. |
| lexeme | The smallest (abstract) unit which is recognised as semantically independent in the lexicon of a language. A lexeme subsumes a set of forms which are related semantically, e.g. the lexeme walk unites the various forms walk, walks, walked, walking. |
| lexical | Pertaining to the vocabulary of a language and/or information which is deposited in the mental lexicon of the speaker |
| lexicon | The vocabulary of a language. It can refer to the book form of a dictionary (usually with an alphabetic listing of words) or he words of a language and one's mental storehouse for these words. |
| loan-word | Any word which can be shown to have been imported from one language into another, that is which does not represent an historical continuation of an earlier form (although loan-words may be related at a greater time depth). |
| neologism | A new word in the vocabulary of a language. Frequently a borrowing but not necessarily so. |
| opaque | A term referring to any form or process which cannot be spontaneously understood by lay speakers. One could say that the word gospel is opaque for English speakers as they do not normally know that it comes from good + spell. |
| thesaurus | A kind of dictionary which consists of words grouped according to similarity in meaning. |
| transparent | A reference to a form or a process in morphology whose structure can be understood without any additional information, particularly of an historical nature, from the language concerned. |
| type | A reference to a unique word in a text, e.g. there are 6 types — but 8 tokens — in the following sentence: The young girl spoke to the older girl because the words the and girl occur twice. |
| vocabulary | The set of words in a language. These are usually grouped into word fields so that the vocabulary can be said to show an internal structure. |
| word formation | The second main branch of morphology (the other being inflection) and the chief process in lexicology (the study of the vocabulary of a language). Word formational processes are closely connected to a language's type |
Created by:
inma guadix
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