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Cell Division Vocab

Vocab practice for cell division terminology

TermDefinition
cell division /división celular process by which a cell divides into two new daughter cells /proceso por el cual una célula se divide en dos células hijas nuevas
asexual reproduction /reproducción asexual process by which a single parent reproduces by itself /proceso por el cual un solo individuo se reproduce por sí mismo
sexual reproduction /reproducción sexual process by which cells from two different parents unite to produce the first cell of a new organism /proceso por el cual dos células de diferentes padres se unen para producir la primera célula de un nuevo organismo
mitosis part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides /parte de la división celular eucariota durante la cual se divide el núcleo
cytokinesis / citocinesis division of the cytoplasm during cell division /división del citoplasma durante la división de la célula
chromatid/ cromátida one of two identical “sister” parts of a duplicated chromosome /una de dos partes “hermanas” idénticas de un cromosoma duplicado
centromere/ centrómero area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached /área donde se unen las cromátidas de un cromosoma
interphase/ interfase period of the cell cycle between cell divisions /periodo en el ciclo de una célula entre las divisiones celulares
cell cycle/ ciclo celular series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide /serie de sucesos que sufren las células a medida que crecen y se dividen
prophase/ profase first and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate /fase primera y más larga de la mitosis, durante la cual los cromosomas se hacen visibles y los centríolos se separan
metaphase/ metafase second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell /segunda fase de la mitosis durante la cual los cromosomas se alinean a través del centro de la célula
anaphase/ anafase the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move toward opposite poles /tercera fase de la mitosis durante la cual las parejas de cromosomas se separan y se mueven hacia polos opuestos
telophase/ telofase fourth and final phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material /fase cuarta y final de la mitosis, durante la cual los cromosomas comienzan a dispersarse en una maraña de materiales densos
cancer disorder in which some of the body's own cells lose the ability to control growth /desorden por el que algunas de las células del cuerpo pierden la capacidad de controlar su crecimiento
homologous/ homólogo corresponding chromosomes that each come from the opposite-sex parent /cromosoma correspondiente al progenitor de un sexo, otro correspondiente al progenitor del otro sexo
diploid term used to refer to a cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes /término usado para referirse a una célula que contiene los dos conjuntos de cromosomas homólogos
haploid term used to refer to a cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes and therefore only a single set of genes /término usado para referirse a una célula que contiene un único juego de cromosomas y, por lo tanto, un único juego de genes
meiosis process by which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half /en una célula diploide, proceso por el cual el número de cromosomas por célula se corta a la mitad
crossing-over/ cruzamiento process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis /proceso en el cual los cromosomas homólogos intercambian porciones de cromátidas durante la meiosis
Created by: jlomibao
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