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Chemistry unit cards

these flashcards are to study for the chemistry unit test

question and term answer and definition
atomic symbol shorthand method for indicating the name of an element Ex: H = Hydrogen
atom The smallest particle of an element that retains the elements properties
the nucleus is made from Protons and Neutrons
what surrounds the nucleus? electrons
particle in the nucleus with a +1 charge Proton
particle in the nucleus with a neutral charge Neutron
what are protons and neutrons made of? Quarks
which greek philosopher proposed the idea that atoms make up all matter? Democritus
greek philosopher that proposed that matter was made of 5 elements. Earth, wind, fire, water, air, and Aether. Aristotle
name 2 concepts in daltons theory 1.matter is made of particles called atoms 2.atoms are indivisible 3.atoms of a given element are all the same 4.Atoms of an element are different than atoms of other elements. 5.Different atoms combine in ratios to form compounds.
model in which electrons travel in unpredictable paths around the nucleus electron cloud model
atomic number number of protons in a an atoms nucleus
the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom mass number
atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called? isotopes
valence electrons electrons in the outermost shell or level
created the first periodic table Mendeleev
the periodic table is mainly comprised of metals
periods are horizontal rows on the periodic table
these are the vertical column on the periodic table groups
true or false: ductile metals are stiff metals that cannot be bent into wire false
true or false: metalloids are in the center of the periodic table false
what is a chemical formula? formula that shows what elements a compound contains and the ratio of the elements
To achieve a stable electron configuration (outer level full), elements will give up, take, or share electrons
force that holds atoms together in a compound chemical bond
Ion a charged particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons
what is the difference between a polar covalent bond and a non polar covalent bond? non polar bonds share electrons equally while polar covalent bond =s share them unequally.
a type 1 binary compound is made from A group metal + nonmetal Ex: Na + Cl = NaCl
what are the 5 steps in naming type 2 binary compounds 1.Determine which ions are present. 2.Use charge on nonmetal to determine charge on metal. 3.Write the name of the metal ion with Roman Numerals. 4.Write the name of the nonmetal. 5.Add -ide to the root of the nonmetal.
name 4 types of chemical reactions 1.Combustion Reaction 2.Synthesis Reaction 3.Decomposition Reaction 4.Single-displacement Reaction 5.Double-displacement Reaction
Created by: carson_canaan
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