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Digestive System
Condtitions & Terms of the Digestive System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Gastritis | Mucosal irritation and inflammation, characterized by belching, nausea, vomiting, bloating, and burning sensation |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of the lining of the intestines with symptoms of diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting, headache, fever, chills, and loss of appetite |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) | A chronic digestive disease with irritation of the lining of the esophagus |
| Ulcers | Disorders of the upper GI tract: gastric ulcers are excavations of the gastric mucosa; duodenal ulcers occur in the duodenum of the intestine; and stress ulcers from the breakdown of natural mucosa resistance |
| Crohn's disease | A congenital or acquired chronic inflammation of the colon, characterized by abdominal pain, weight loss, and diarrhea |
| Ulcerative colitis | A congenital or acquired chronic inflammation of the large intestine, characterized by rectal bleeding and pain |
| Diarrhea | Loose, watery, and frequent stool, considered chronic if continuing for more than four weeks |
| Constipation | Decreased colon content, increased colon pressure, and decreased propulsive motility |
| Nausea | An unpleasant sensation vaguely referred to the epigastrium and abdomen, with a tendency to vomit |
| Flatulence | The accumulation of gas in the alimentary canal |
| Obesity | An individual with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or greater |
| Vomiting | Ejecting matter from the stomach from the mouth |
| Absorption | Movement of nutrients, fluids, and medications from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream |
| Amino acids | Molecules that are the building blocks of proteins |
| Antiemetics | A drug that prevents or treats nausea and vomiting |
| Carbohydrates | Chemical compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, examples include sugars, glycogen, starches, and cellulose |
| Chyme | The resulting soupy mixture (semifluid) after food mixes with stomach acids and digestive enzymes |
| Digestion | The mechanical, chemical, and enzymatic action of breaking food into molecules for metabolism |
| Emesis | A medical term for vomiting |
| Excretion | Elimination of waste products mainly through stools and urine |
| Fistulae | Permanent abnormal passageways between two organs or between an organ and the outside |
| Ingestion | Taking in food, liquid, or other substances (eg. medications) |
| Peristalsis | Tubular muscle contraction and relaxation of esophagus, stomach, and intestines to move substances through the gastrointestinal tract |
| Surface area | Extent of an object's surface in contact with its surroundings |
Created by:
rpeskin
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