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Matter
states of matter, laws, principles, and other key terms.
| Term | Definition | Helpful Hints |
|---|---|---|
| Solid | State of matter with a definite shape and volume | |
| Liquid | State of matter with a definite, but no definite shape | |
| Gas | State of matter with no definite volume or shape | |
| Plasma | Gas-like mixture of positively and negatively charged particles | |
| Melting | Change in state from a Solid to a Liquid | |
| Vaporization | Change in state from a Liquid to a Gas | |
| Freezing | Change in state from a Liquid to a Solid | |
| Deposition | Change in state from a Gas to a Solid without going through the Liquid state | |
| Sublimation | Change in state from a Solid to a Gas without going through the Liquid state | Sublimation-Solid to gas |
| Fluid | Substance without a fixed shape | |
| Buoyant Force | Upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in or floating on the fluid | |
| Archimedes' Principle | The buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object | Arch=equals |
| Pressure | Force exerted per unit area | |
| Pascal's Principle | Pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted throughout the fluid | Pascal's pressure |
| Venturi Effect | Narrowing a stream of fluid increases the speed of the fluid | |
| Bernoulli's Principle | When the velocity of a stream of fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the fluid decreases | |
| Viscosity | The resistance of a fluid to flowing | |
| Boyle's Law | Pressure and volume have an inverse relationship when temperature is held constant | |
| Charles's Law | The temperature and volume of a gas have a direct relationship when pressure is held constant | |
| Gay-Lussac Law | The pressure and temperature of a gas have a direct relationship when volume is held constant | |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space | |
| Substance | Type of matter with a fixed composition | |
| Element | A substance made of atoms that are all alike | |
| Compound | Substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are chemically combined in a fixed proportion | |
| Mixture | Matter composed of two or more substances that can be separated by physical means. | Chex MIX, you can separate all the different pieces |
| Heterogeneous Mixture | Mixture in which different materials remain distinct | hEterogeneous-cEreal, you can distinctly tell the different ingredients, milk,cereal, etc. |
| Homogeneous Mixture | Mixture that remains constantly and uniformly mixed and has particles that are so small they cannot be seen with a microscope | hOmogeneous-cOffee, you can't distinctly tell every different ingredient by itself, coffee, sugar, cream. |
| Suspension | Heterogeneous mixture made of large particles that settle | Suspension Settles |
| Colloid | Heterogeneous mixture with particles that never settle | |
| Solution | Another name for a homogeneous mixture | sOlution hOmogeneous |
| Condensation | Change in state from a Gas to a Liquid |
Created by:
rachel.d
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