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Science chap 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reactants | The substances in a chemical reaction, that undergo change |
| Products | The new substances formed as a result of the change reactants undergo |
| Chemical Equation | A representation of a chemical reaction in which the reaction in which the reactants and products are expressed as formulas |
| Conservation of mass | States that mass is neither created nor destroyed ina chemical reaction |
| Coefficients | The numbers that appear before the formulas |
| Mole | an amount of a substance that contains approximately 6.02 x 1023 particles of that substance |
| Molar mass | The mass of a mole of a substance |
| Synthesis reaction | A reaction in which two or more substances react to form a single substance |
| Decomposition reaction | A reaction in which a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances |
| Single - replacement reaction | A chemical reaction in which one element takes the place of another element in a compound |
| Double - replacement reaction | A chemical reaction in which two compounds exchange positive ions and form two new compounds |
| Combustion reaction | One in which a substance reacts rapidly with oxygen, often producing heat and light |
| Oxidation - reduction reaction | A chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred from one reactant to another |
| Chemical energy | The energy stored in the chemical bonds of a substance |
| Exothermic reaction | A chemical reaction that releases energy to its surroundings |
| Endothermic reaction | A chemical reaction that absorbs energy from its surroundings |
| Reaction rate | The rate at which reactants turn into products over time |
| Factors affecting reaction rates | Factors affecting this - Temperature, Surface area, stirring, concentration, catalysts |
| Catalyst | A substance that affects the reaction rate without being used up in the reaction |
| Equilibrium | A state in which the forward and reverse paths of a change take place at the same rate |
| Types of Equilibria | Physical and Chemical |
| Reversible reaction | Where the conversion of reactants into products and products into reactants can happen simultaneously |
| Factors affecting chemical equilibrium | Factors affecting this - Temperature, pressure, and concentration |
| Synthesis reaction - example | A + B ---> AB |
| Decomposition reaction - example | AB ---> A + B |
| Single replacement - example | A + BC ---> B + AC |
| double replacement - example | AB + CD ---> AD + CB |
Created by:
elizabethingoldsby
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