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Key Terms

TermDefinition
Tsunami A seismic (earthquake-generated) sea wave that can attain gigantic proportions and cause coastal devastation.
Dynasty A succession of Chinese rulers that came from the same line of male descent, sometimes enduring for centuries.
Sinicization Giving a Chinese cultural imprint; Chinese acculturation.
Asian Tigers the Asia Pacific’s smaller‐scale, dynamic, upwardly bound economies soon being labeled the four Asian Tigers [6]: Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore.
New Silk Road China’s ongoing ambitious project to forge an overland routeway of high-speed railroads to link East Asia to Europe via Central Asia.
Regional complementarity Exists when a pair of regions, through an exchange of raw materials and/or finished products, can specifically satisfy each other’s demands.
One nation-two systems The arrangement under which capitalist Hong Kong functions within the PRC’s communist economic system.
One-child policy Chinese population control policy initiated in the late 1970s that proscribed (and enforced) a limit of one child per family of most population groups.
High value-added goods Products of improved net worth.
Floating population China’s huge mass of mobile workers who respond to shifting employment needs within the country. Most are temporary urban dwellers with restricted residency rights, whose movements are controlled by the hukou system.
Hukou system is based on residency permits that indicate where individuals are from and where they may exercise such rights as education, health care, and housing.
Gender imbalance The demographic imbalance of males outnumbering females resulting from selective birth control.
Dependency ratio An indicator of the pressure on a country’s workers, the age-population ratio of (dependent) people who are not in the labor force to those (productive) people who are in the labor force.
Special Economic Zone Manufacturing and export center in China, created since 1980 to attract foreign investment and technology transfers.
Economic geography The field of geography that focuses on the diverse ways in which people earn a living and on how the goods and services they produce are expressed and organized spatially.
Overseas Chinese The more than 50 million ethnic Chinese who live outside China. About two-thirds live in Southeast Asia, and many have become quite successful.
Foreign direct investment A key indicator of the success of an emerging market economy, whose growth is accelerated by the infusion of foreign funds to supplement domestic sources of investment capital.
Buffer state A country or set of countries separating ideological or political adversaries.
State capitalism Government-controlled corporations competing under free-market conditions, usually in a tightly regimented society.
Conurbation General term used to identify a large multimetropolitan complex formed by the coalescence of two or more major urban areas.
Demographic burden The proportion of a national population that is either too old or too young to be productive and that must be cared for by the productive population.
Urban systems A hierarchical network or grouping of urban areas within a finite geographic area, such as a country.
Technopole A planned techno-industrial complex (such as California’s Silicon Valley) that innovates, promotes, and manufactures the products of the postindustrial information economy.
Created by: Pl205121
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