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Ch 11 Matching Terms
End of Chapter vocabulary matching terms Pharmacy Tech
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| absolute bioavailability | the bioavailability of a drug product compared tot he same drug in the form of a rapidly administered IV solution |
| absorption | the movement of the drug from the dosage formulation into the blood |
| active transport | the movement of drugs from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration: cellular energy is required |
| agonists | drugs that activate receptors to accelerate or slow normal cell function |
| antagonists | drugs that bind with receptors but do not activate them. They block receptor action by preventing other drugs or substances from activating them |
| bioavailability | the amount of an administered dose that reaches the general circulation and the rate at which this occurs |
| bioequivalency | the comparison of bioavailabilty between two dosage forms |
| complexation | when two different molecules associate or attach to each other |
| disposition | a term sometimes used to refer to all of the ADME processes together |
| duration of action | the time drug concentration is above the minimum effective concentration (MEC) |
| elimination | the processes of metabolism and excretion |
| enterohepatic cycling | the transfer of drugs and their metabolites from the liver to the bile in the gall bladder, then into the intestine, and then back into circulation |
| enzyme | a complex protein that catalyzes chemical reactions |
| enzyme induction | the increase in hepatic enzyme activity that results in greater metabolism of drugs |
| first-pass metabolism | the substantial degradation of an orally administered drug caused by enzyme metabolism in the liver before the drug reaches circulation |
| gastric emptying time | the time a drug stays int he stomach before it is emptied into the small intestine |
| glomerular filtration | the blood filtering process of the nephron |
| hydrophilic | capable of associating with or absorbing water |
| hydrophobic | water repelling; cannot associate with water |
| lipoidal | fat-like or lipid loving |
| metabolite | the substance resulting from the body's transformation of an administered drug |
| minimum effective concentration (MEC) | the blood concentration needed for a drug to produce a response |
| minimum toxic concentration (MTC) | the upper limit of the therapeutic window. Drug concentrations above the MTC increase the risk of adverse events |
| nephron | the functional unit of the kidney |
| onset of action | the time MEC is reached and the response occurs |
| passive diffusion | the movement of drugs from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration |
| pharmaceutical equivalent | drug products that contain the same active ingredient, but not necessarily int the same form, amount, or dosage |
| protein binding | the attachment of a drug molecule to a plasma or tissue protein, effectively making the drug inactive, but also keeping it within the body |
| receptor | the cellular material located at the site of action that interacts with the drug |
| relative bioavailability | the bioavailability of a drug product compared to the same drug in any other dosage form than a rapidly administered IV solution |
| selective (action) | the characteristics of a drug that makes its action specific to certain receptors and tissues |
| site of action | the location where an administered drug produces an effect |
| therapeutic equivalent | pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients |
| therapeutic window | drug's blood concentration range between its minimum effective concentration and minimum toxic concentration |
Created by:
mBrazfield
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