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Chap. 4 Geo Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Transition Zone | An area of spatial change where the peripheries of two adjacent realms or regions join |
| GIS | A form of spatial a analysis that integrates computer hardware, mapping software, and such specialized tools as models and algorithms |
| Digital Elevation Model | A representation of a unit terrain obtained from remote sensing imagery |
| Land hemisphere | The half of the globe containing the greatest amount of land surface, centered on Western Europe |
| City-state | An independent political entity consisting of a single city with an immediate hinterland |
| Local functional specialization | A hallmark of Europe’s economic geography that later spread to many other parts of the world |
| Industrial Revolution | The term applied to the social and economic changes in agriculture, commerce, and especially manufacturing and urbanization that resulted from technological innovations |
| Sovereignty | Controlling power and influence over a territory, especially by the government of an autonomous state over the people it rules |
| Nation - state | A country whose population possesses a suntan degree of cultural homogeneity and unity |
| Nation | Legally a term encompassing all the citizens of a state, it also has other connotations |
| Indo-European language family | The major world language family that dominates the European geographic realm |
| Complementarity | Exists when two regions, though an exchange of raw materials and/or finished products, can specifically satisfy each other’s demands |
| Transferability | The capacity to move a good from one place to another at a bearable cost |
| Central business district | The downtown heart of a central city; marked by high land values, concentration of business and commerce |
| Centrifugal forces | A term employed to design forces that tend to divide a country— such as internal religious, linguistic, ethic, and a common faith |
| Centripetal forces | Forces that untie a country together — such as a strong national culture shared ideological objectives, and a common faith |
| Supranationalism | A venture involving three or more states — political, economic, and/or cultural cooperation to promote shared objectives |
| Euro Zone | The 19 countries whose official currency is the euro |
| Schengen area | The territory constituted by most of Europe’s countries within which people are free to cross international boundaries without formal border checks |
| Four Motors of Europe | High technology region marked by exceptional industrial vitality and economic success not only in Europe but on the global scene as well |
| Devolution | The process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the government |
| Asylum | Legally residency status; usually granted by a host country to immigrants fleeing homeland |
| Microstate | A sovereign state that contains a minuscule land area and population. |
| Urban system | A hierarchical network or grouping of urban areas within a finite geographic area, such as a country |
| Primate city | A country’s largest city — ranking atop its urban hierarchy |
| Site | The internal locational attributes of an urban center, including its local spatial organization and physical setting |
| Situation | The external locational attributes of an urban center; it’s relative location position with reference to other non-local places |
| Estuary | The widening mouth of a river as it reaches the sea |
| Conurbation | General term used to identify a large multi metropolitan complex formed by the coalescence of two or more major urban areas |
| Land locked location | An interior state wholly surrounded by land |
| World city | A large city particularly significant international linkages that also has a high ranking in the global urban system |
| Metropolis | Urban agglomeration consisting of a city and its suburban ring |
| Break of bulk | A location along a transport route where goods must be transformed from one carrier to another |
| Entrepôt | A place, usually a port city, where goods are imported, stored and trans shipped |
| Shatter belt | Region caught between stronger, colliding external cultural political forces, under persistent stress and often fragmented by aggressive rivals |
| Balkanization | The fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile political units |
| Irredentism | A policy of cultural extension and potential political expansion by a state aimed at a community of its national living in a neighboring state |
| Exclave | A bounded piece of territory that is part of a particular of a particular state but lies separated from it by the territory of another |
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