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Chapter 4 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Transition Zone | An area of spatial change where the peripheries of two adjacent realms or regions join, marked by a gradual shift than a sharp break. |
| Geographic Information System | A form of spatial analysis that integrates computer hardware, mapping software, and such specialized tools as models and algorithms. |
| Digital Elevation Model | A representation of a unit of terrain obtained from remote sensing imagery. |
| Land Hemisphere | The half of the globe containing the greatest amount of land surface, centered on western Europe. |
| City-State | An independent political entity consisting of a single city and sometimes without an immediate hinterland. |
| Local Functional Specialization | A hallmark of Europe's economic geography that later spread to many other parts of the world, whereby particular people in particular places concentrate on the production of particular goods and services. |
| Industrial Revolution | The term applied to the social and economic changes in agriculture, commerce, and especially manufacturing and urbanization that resulted from technological innovations and greater specialization in late eighteenth century Europe. |
| Sovereignty | Controlling power and influence over a territory, especially by the government of an autonomous state over the people it rules. |
| Nation-State | A country whose population possesses a substantial degree of cultural homogeneity and unity. |
| Nation | Legally a term encompassing all the citizens of a state, it also has other connotations. |
| Indo European Language Family | The major world language family that dominates the European geographic realm. |
| Complementary | One area produces a surplus of commodity required by another area. |
| Transferability | The ease with which a commodidty can be trasported by producer to consumer. |
| Central Business District | This is where most of the business activity takes place in a city. |
| Centrifugal Forces | The strength of a division. |
| Centripetal Forces | The binding, unifying, glue of the state or region. |
| Supranationalism | The voluntary association in economic, political, or cultural spheres of independent states willing to yield some measure of sovereignty for their mutual benifit. |
| Euro Zone | The 19 countries whose official currency is the Euro. |
| Schengen Area | Compromised out of 26 EU countries that have abolished internal border controls and that have a single visa policy for non EU visitors. |
| Four motors of Europe | France, Germany, Spain, and Italy. Each is a high technology driven region marked by exceptional industrial vitality and economic success not only within Europe but on the global scene as well. |
| Devolution | The powerful centrifugal forces whereby regions or people within a state, through negotiation or active rebellion, demand and gain political strength and sometimes the autonomy at the expense of the center. |
| Asylum | Legally protected residency status |
| Microstate | A sovereign state that contains a minuscule land area and population. |
| Urban System | A hierarchical network or grouping of urban areas within a finite geographic area, such as a country. |
| Primate City | A country's largest city, ranking atop its urban hierarchy-most expressive of the national culture and usually the capital city as well. |
| Site | The internal location attributes of an urban center, including its local spatial organization and physical setting. |
| Situation | The external locational attributes of an urban center; its relative location or regional position with reference to other non local places. |
| Estuary | The tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream. Contains brackish water(half salt/half fresh water) |
| Conurbation | General term used to identify a large multimetropolitan complex formed by the coalescence of two or more major urban areas. |
| Landlocked Location | An interior state wholly surrounded by land. |
| World City | A hierarchical network or grouping of urban areas within a finite geographic area, such as a country. |
| Metropolis | Urban agglomeration consisting of a central city and its suburban ring. |
| Break of Bulk | A location along a transport route where goods must be transferred from one carrier to another. |
| Entrepot | A place, usually a port city, where goods are imported, stored, and transshipped; a breaking of bulk point. |
| shatter belt | Region caught between stronger, colliding external cultural-political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals. |
| Balkanization | The fragmentation of a region into smaller, often hostile political units. |
| Irredentism | A policy of cultural extension and potential political expansion by a state aimed at the community of its nationals living in a neighboring state. |
| Enclave | A bound piece of territory that is part of a particular state but lies separate from it by the territory of another state. |
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