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Chemical Reactions

Chapter 14 Vocabulary

WordDefinition
chemical reaction a process in which one or more substances change to make one or more new substances
precipitate a solid substance that is formed in a solution
chemical formula a shorthand way to use chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance
chemical equation uses chemical symbols and formulas as a shortcut to describe a chemical reaction
reactant the staring material in a chemical reaction
product substance formed from a reaction
law of conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes
synthesis reaction a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form one new compound
decomposition a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances
single-displacement reaction when an element replaces another element that is part of a compound
double-displacement reaction a reaction in which ions from two compounds exchange places
exothermic reaction a chemical reaction in which energy is released
endothermic reaction a chemical reaction in which energy is taken in
law of conservaton of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed
activation energy the smallest amount of energy that molecules need to react
inhibitor a substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction
catalyst a substance that speeds up a reaction without being permanenlty changed
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