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Physical Science C 9
Nuclear Radiation
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Radioactivity | The process by which an unstable nucleus emits one or more particles of energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation |
| Nuclear Radiation | The particles that are released from the nucleus during radioactive decay |
| Four types of nuclear radiation | Alpha particles, Gamma Particles, Beta Particles, Neutron emissions |
| Alpha particles | Positively charged atom that is released in the disintegration of radioactive elements |
| Gamma particles | The high-energy photon emitted by a nucleus during fission and radioactive decay |
| Beta particles | A charged electron emitted during certain types of radioactive decay |
| Neutron emissions | Consists of matter that is emitted from an unstable nucleus |
| Nuclear Decay | ohhhh baby! |
| Half-life | The time required for half of a sample of a radioactive substance to disintegrate by radioactive decay or by natural processes |
| Carbon 14 | HAHAHAHHAAHHAcool |
| Nuclear Fission | The process by which a nucleus splits into two or more fragments and releases neutrons and energy |
| Mass-Energy Equation | Energy= mass x (speed of light)2 |
| Critical Mass | The minimum mass of a fissionable isotope that provides the number of neutrons needed to sustain a chain reaction |
| Nuclear Fusion | The process in which light nuclei combine at extremely high temperatures, forming heavier nuclei and releasing energy |
| Background radiation | The nuclear radiation that arises naturally from cosmic rays and from radioactive isotopes in the soil and air |
| REMs | The quantity of ionizing radiation that does as much damage to human tissue as 1 roentgen of high-voltage x-rays does) |
| Beneficial Uses of Nuclear Radiation | Smoke detectors,Radioactive tracers,Nuclear radiation therapy |
| Possible Risks of Nuclear Radiation | Radon gas can be hazardous, radiation interacts with living tissue, can ionize atoms, |
| Nuclear Power Advantages | No gaseous pollution, Lots of uranium reserves, |
| Disadvantages of Nuclear Power | Must be handled carefully, Many safety features needed, Expensive to build |
| Experimental forms of energy | Nuclear Fusion Reactors, Solar Power, Hydrogen Power |
| Disadventages of Hydrogen Power | Can produce a highly dangerous form of radiation, Shielding material would be very expensive, Lithium slows down neutrons but is impractical |
| Advantages of Hydrogen | It is abundant |
Created by:
dltn_petrysz
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