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COS CH11
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alopecia | Abnormal hair loss. |
| Alopecial areata | Autoimmune disorder that causes the affected hair follicles to be mistakenly attacked by a person's own immune system; usually begins with one or more small |
| Alopeica totalis | Total loss of scalp hair. |
| Alopecia universalis | Complete loss of body hair |
| Amino acids | Units that are joined together end to end like pop beads by strong |
| Anagen phase | Also known as growth phase; phase during which new hair is produced. |
| Androgenic alopecia | Also known as androgenetic alopecia; hair loss characterized by miniaturization of terminal hair that is converted to vellus hair; in men |
| Canities | Technical term for gray hair; results from the loss of the hair's natural melanin pigment. |
| Carbuncle | Inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci; similar to a furuncle but larger. |
| Catagen phase | The brief transition period between the growth and resting phases of hair follicle. It signals the end of the growth phase. |
| COHNS elements | The five elements- Carbon |
| Cortex | Middle layer of the hair; a fibrous protein core formed by elongated cells containing melanin pigment. |
| Cowlick | Tuft of hair that stands straight up. |
| Cysteine | An amino acid joined with another cysteine amino acid to create cystine amino acid. |
| Cystine | An amino acid that joins together two peptide strands. |
| Disulfide bond | Strong chemical side bond that joins the sulfur atoms of two neighboring cysteine amino acids to create one cystine |
| Fragilitas crinium | Technical term for brittle hair. |
| Furuncle | Boil; acute; localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle that produces constant pain. |
| Hair Bulb | Lowest part of a hair strand; the thickened |
| Hair Cuticle | Outermost layer of hair; consisting of a single |
| Hair density | The number of individual hair strands on 1 square inch of scalp. |
| Hair elasticity | Ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking. |
| Hair follicle | The tube-liker depression of pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root. |
| Hair porosity | Ability of the hair to absorb moisture. |
| Hair root | The part of the hair located below the surface of the epidermis. |
| Hair shaft | The portion of hair that projects above the epidermis. |
| Hair stream | Hair flowing in the same direction |
| Hair texture | Thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand. |
| Helix | Spiral shape of a coiled protein created by polypeptide chains that intertwine with each other. |
| Hydrogen bond | A weak |
| Hydrophilic | Easily absorbs moisture- in chemistry terms |
| Hydrophobic | Naturally resistant to being penetrated by moisture. |
| Hypertrichosis | Also known as hirsuties; condition of abnormal growth of hair |
| Keratinization | Process by which newly formed cells in the hair bulb mature |
| Lanthionine bonds | The bonds created when disulfide bonds are broken by hydroxide chemical hair relaxers after the relaxer is rinsed from the hair. |
| Malassezia | Naturally occurring fungus that is present on all human skin |
| Medulla | Innermost layer of the hair that is composed of round cells; often absent in fine and naturally blond hair. |
| Monilethrix | Technical term for beaded hair. |
| Pediculosis capitis | Infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice. |
| Peptide bond | Also known as an end bond; chemical bond that joins amino acids to each other |
| Pityriasis | Technical term for dandruff; characterized by excessive production and accumulation of skin cells. |
| Pityriasis capitis simplex | Technical term for classic dandruff; characterized by scalp irritation |
| Pityriasis steadtoides | Sever case of dandruff characterized by an accumulation of greasy or waxy scales mixed with sebum |
| Polypeptide chain | A long chain of amino acids linked by peptide bonds. |
| Postpartum alopecia | Temporary hair loss experienced at the conclusion of a pregnancy. |
| Proteins | Long |
| Ringed hair | Variety of Canities characterized by alternating bands of gray and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand |
| Salt bonds | A weak |
| Scutula | Dry |
| Side bonds | Bonds that cross-link the polypeptide chains together and are responsible for the extreme strength and elasticity of human hair |
| Telogen phase | Also known as resting phase; the final phase in the hair cycle that lasts until the fully grown hair is shed. |
| Terminal hair | Long |
| Tinea | Technical term for ringworm |
| Tinea favosa | Also known as tinea favus; fugal infections characterized by dry |
| Trichology | Scientific study of hair and its diseases and care. |
| Trichoptilosis | Technical term for split ends. |
| Trichorrhexis nodosa | Technical term for knotted hair; it is characterized by brittleness and the formation of nodular swellings along the hair shaft. |
| Vellus hair | Also known as lanugo hair; short |
| Wave pattern | The shape of the hair strands; described as straight |
| Whorl | Hair that forms in a circular pattern on the crown of the head. |
| arrector pili muscle | The small |
| dermal papilla | Plural: dermal papillae. A small |
| eumelanin | Provides natural dark brown to black color to the hair and is the dark pigment predominant in black and brunette hair. |
| keratin | A fibrous protein that grows from cells originating within the hair follicle. |
| melanin | The tiny grains of pigment in the cortex that give natural color to the hair. |
| sebaceous glands | The oil glands in the skin that are connected to the hair follicles. |
| sebum | A fatty or oily substance secreted by the sebaceous glands that lubricates the skin. |
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