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Chemical Bonding

review for bonding test

QuestionAnswer
What is an anion? an ion with a negative charge
How does an atom become an ion? the atom gains or loses electrons
What is a cation? an ion with a positive charge
How does an atom become an anion? the atom gains at least 1 electron
How does an atom become a cation? the atom loses at least 1 electron
What is the charge on an electron? electrons have a negative charge
Where in an atom are electrons found? electrons are found orbiting the nucleus
What is a valence electron? electrons found in the outermost orbit
What terms describes electrons in the outside orbit? valence electrons
What does it mean to say an atom is stable? the atom has the same number of electrons and protons
On the periodic table, elements in the first family have how many valence electrons? first family = 1 valence electrons
On the periodic table, elements in the third family have how many valence electrons? third family = 3 valence electrons
What happens with electrons in an IONIC bond? electrons are given or taken
Which types of elements form IONIC bonds? metals bond to non-metals
What happens with electrons in an COVALENT bond? electrons are shared
Which types of elements form COVALENT bonds? non-metals
IONIC or COVALENT: dinitrogen trioxide covalent - has the prefixes DI and TRI, both are nonmetals
IONIC or COVALENT: sodium chloride ionic - no prefixes, one metal, one non-metal
What term describes rows across on the periodic table? periods
What 2 terms can be used to describe the columns up and down on the periodic table? families or groups
On the periodic table, where are the METALS found? on the left side
On the periodic table, where are the NON-METALS found? on the right side
What happens when atoms like chlorine and fluorine form ionic bonds? 1 electron is gained
What happens when atoms like nitrogen and phosphorus form ionic bonds? 3 electrons are gained
Created by: lb goodlock
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