Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Med-reference sheet
psych exam 2 drugs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What medication is the 1st line of defense in most anxiety and OCD disorders? | SSRIs: drug must have an x or z--> "hot" lips: LPZ L: Luvox (fluvoxane) L: Lexapro (escitalopram) P: Prozac (fluoxetine) P: Paxil (paroxetine)- helpful with PTSD; weight gain Z: Zoloft (sertraline) C: Celexa (citalopram |
| Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) | • First line of treatment for major depression • Some SSRIs activate and others sedate; choice depends on patient symptoms • Risk of lethal overdose minimized with SSRIs |
| Serotonin Selective Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) common SE? | Agitation, drowsiness, headache, dry mouth, nausea and vomiting, GI dysfunctions, sexual dysfunction |
| What is Serotonin Syndrome? | Rare and life-threatening event associated with SSRIs. This syndrome is thought to be related to over-activation of the central serotonin receptors caused by either too high a dose or interaction with other drugs. Avoid taking SSRIs with MAOIs. |
| Some symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome? | Hyperactivity/restlessness Tachycardia → cardiovascular shock Fever → hyperpyrexia Elevated blood pressure Altered mental states (delirium) |
| Some more symptoms of Serotonin Syndrome? | Irrationality, mood swings, hostility Seizures → status epilepticus Myoclonus, incoordination, tonic rigidity Abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating Apnea → death |
| SNRI drugs? "snoring" | SNORING: (clanging) Cymbals Pristine Effective - EPC E: Effexor (used for several anxiety disorders) P: Pristiq (used to treat anxiety disorders) C: Cymbalta (Used for generalized anxiety disorder) |
| MAOIs: NPM: Not Popular Meds? | Nardil, Parnate, Marplan |
| Some Nursing concerns for pt taking MAOIs? | • Monitor for orthostatic hypotension and sleep disturbances • Avoid foods with tyramine; "PARTY FOODS" figs, raisins aged cheese, wine, sauerkraut, smoked or preserved meats (e.g., salami, pepperoni) MAOI + tyramine = Hypertensive crisis |
| MAOIs are particularly effective for people with? | unconventional depression (characterized by mood reactivity, oversleeping, and overeating) |
| In pt's taking MAOIs, Hypertensive crisis usually occurs within a few hours of ingestion of? | Tyramine = party foods |
| Hypertensive crisis begin with? | HA, stiff/sore neck, irritable, restless palpitations- +/- heart rate (often with chest pain), N/V, pyrexia Hypertensive crisis suspected, immediate medical attention is crucial (tx with nitroprusside/nitroglycerine; blankets/icepacks to treat pyrexia) |
| This med-- closely resembles that of antipsychotic medications, and the anticholinergic actions are similar (e.g., dry mouth, blurred vision, tachycardia, constipation, urinary retention, sexual dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension) | Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) Desipramine (Norpramin) may be best for a patient who is lethargic and fatigued. If a more sedating effect is needed for agitation/restlessness, use amitriptyline (Elavil), nortriptyline (Pamelor) and doxepin (Sinequan) |
| Example of a Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor (NDRI)? | Bupropion (Wellbutrin)- patients may experience weight loss |
| Antianxiety (anxiolytic) meds? | Benzodiazepines - quick onset BUT potential for abuse/ dependence MOA - potentiate (promote activity) of GABA |
| Benzodiazepines? | Antianxiety (anxiolytic) meds Benzodiazepines: quick onset BUT potential for abuse/ dependence; use short term until long-term regimen can be implemented (zepam; zolam; zepate-one) |
| MAO drugs? | Antianxiety (anxiolytic) meds MOA: potentiate (promote activity) of GABA S/E: sedation, ataxia (less control of body movements), ↓cognitive function KVAX K:Klonopin V: Valium A: Ativan X: Xanax |
| Individuals with bipolar disorder often require? | multiple medications for acute mania |
| How long does Lithium take to reach therapeutic levels? | Takes 7-14 days to reach therapeutic levels in the blood. An antipsychotic medication and/or benzodiazepine is used in acute stabilization period until lithium is effective Therapeutic level Low 0.6-1.2 mEq/L |Moderate 1.5-2.5mEq/L/Severe >2.5 mEq/L |
| First line treatment for Bipolar disorder? | Lithium- Monitor thyroid function; Alcohol - ^lithium levels Ace inhibitors may ^ lithium levels = cause toxicity/impaired kidney function ^sodium intake decrease levels: low sodium diets may ^lithium levels->toxicity Fluoxetine increases lithium levels |
| Anticonvulsants approved for treatment of bipolar disorder, mania, and mixed episodes? "details" | "when treating patients with hx of seizures, you focus on details" • Depakote (valproate) • Tegretol or Equetro (carbamazepine) • Lamictal (lamotrigine) -Antidepressants not recommended because they may cause hypomania or mania |
| Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) | dystonia, akathisia and pseudoparkinsonism, Tardive Dyskinesia • Anticholinergic drugs for side effects Tardive Dyskinesia - persistent EPS (affects 10% of patients long after medication has stopped); difficult to reverse symptoms |
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) | very rare 0.2% to 1% occurrence; reduced consciousness and responsiveness, generalized muscle rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction (Increased temperature, tachycardia, hypertension) May receive dopamine agonists and muscle relaxants |
| First-generation (conventional) antipsychotics? “zine” | most meds end in “zine” Chlorpromazine (Thorazine) Thoridazine (Mellaril) Trifluoperazine (Stelazine) Haloperidol (Haldol) |
| Second generations (atypical antipsychotics) (“pines”, “dones”, 2 “pips”, and 1 “rip”) | The primary treatment and cause less EPS but can cause metabolic syndrome |
| Common SE associated with (2nd ben/atypical antipsychotics) metabolic syndrome? | which includes weight gain, dyslipidemia, and altered glucose metabolism thought to be due to increased insulin resistance |
| Second generations (atypical antipsychotics)- clozapine (Clozaril) | the most effective but due to agranulocytosis; WBC is measured regularly (watch for drop in absolute neutrophil level). Protective-reduces suicidal ideation. |
Created by:
bolenrocks
Popular Psychology sets