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People in Psych
All People in all of the chapters of psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Socrates and Plato | believed that the mind was seperable from the body and continuing after death and we are born with knowledge |
| Aristotle | believed soul is not seperable from the body and that knowledge is not preexisting, but it grows from experiences stored in our memories |
| Wilhelm Wundt | performed the first psychological experiment at the University of Lepzig in Germany |
| Edward Bradford Tichener | used introspection to search for the mind's structural effect - structuralism |
| William James | thinking developes because it is adaptive and contributes to our survival |
| Mary Whiton Calkins | first woman to attend Harvard and the first president of the American Psychological Society |
| Margaret Floy Washburn | first woman to have a Ph.D in psychology and the second president of the American Psychological Society |
| John B. Watson | the science of behavior and demonstrated conditional responses on "Little Albert" - the experiment that showed how specific fears might be conditioned |
| B.F. Skinner | developed the operant chamber - a "behavioral technology" that revealed principles of behavior control |
| Charles Darwin | argued that natural selection shapes behaviors as well as bodies |
| Jean Piaget | described the cognitive development in four stages (sensorimotor, peroperational, concrete operational, and formal operational) |
| Harry Harlow | recognized that attachment does not derive from nourishment, used with monkeys |
| Erik Erikson | stated that each stage in life has its own "psychological" task, a crisis that needs a solution |
| Ian Pavlov | classical conditioning, began by studying the unconditioned response of dogs to the unconditioned stimulus of food, then conditioned the dog to respond to the sound of a tuning fork to make its mouth water |
| John Garcia | discovered that after giving rats sugar water coupled with a drug that made them sick, that eventually the rats would become sick just off of the sugar water because they associate the taste with sickness |
| Albert Bandura | observational learning, had childern in one room doing work and had an adult beat up a bobo doll, then sent the kid to a room with nice toys then sent them to a room with unappealing toys, there was a higher % of kids beating up the bobo dolls |
| Hans Selye | GAS - general adaptation syndrome - tested rats to see their reaction to stressors |
| Edward L. Throndike | law of effect - stated the fact that rewarded behavior is likely to recur and punished behavior will likely deminish |
| Solomon Asch | conformity; a group of people are asked to compare three lines and five people give an answer different to your own, you are more likely to say their answer then give your own answer |
| Leon Festinger | cognitive dissonance theory, that we will rather change our personal thoughts then change our actions |
| Stanley Milgram | obedience, shocking test - people who are told they are giving others electircal shocks with a legitamite authority figure, with a prestigious institution behind them, were more likely to continuing the shocking even to dangerous levels |
| Philip Zimbardo | social roles; when you adopt a new role you strive to become the social standard for that role |
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Ascuba
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